脑梗死患者临床回顾性分析

Clinical Retrospective Analysis of Patients with Cerebral Infarction

摘要: 目的：分析脑梗死(脑卒中的一种最常见的类型)的临床医学特征并探讨其相应的防治措施。方法：在查阅了国内外康复医学的相关文献资料基础上，回顾性分析大连港医院自2016年1月1日至2018年12月31日收治的(康复科所有患脑卒中住院的患者，共计2644例，其中脑出血类型有785例，脑梗死类型有1859例，均已符合无免疫性缺陷等严重疾病的纳入和排除标准)脑梗死患者为研究对象。结果：通过研究分析发现，脑梗死类型占脑卒中患者的70%，脑出血类型占脑卒中的30%；男性和女性在脑梗死患者中的性别比例为67%，33%；不同年龄阶段情况中50~60岁，60~70岁和70~80岁占很大比例，分别占20.0%，32.8%和28.4%；脑梗死临床患者合并病症情况中合并高血压、合并糖尿病以及合并冠心病占很大比例，分别为61.5%，25.9%和10.5%。结论：脑梗死中男性患病率明显高于女性，中老年患者比例较高，合并并发症中高血压、糖尿病以及冠心病较为常见。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the related factors of cerebral infarction (one of the most common types of stroke) and its influence on patients. Methods: On the basis of reviewing the literatures of rehabil-itation medicine at home and abroad, 2644 patients with stroke were analyzed retrospectively from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2018 in Dalian Port Hospital. There were 785 cases of cerebral hemorrhage and 1859 cases of cerebral infarction, all of which met the criteria of inclusion and exclusion of serious diseases, such as immune deficiency. Results: Through the study and analysis, it was found that the type of cerebral infarction occupied the brain. Cerebral infarction type accounted for 70% of stroke patients; cerebral hemorrhage type accounted for 30% of stroke; the sex ratio of male and female patients with cerebral infarction was 67% and 33% respectively. Among different age groups, 50 - 60, 60 - 70 and 70 - 80 accounted for 20.0%, 32.8% and 28.4%, respectively. High blood pressure, diabetes mellitus and coronary heart disease accounted for 61.5%, 25.9% and 10.5%, respectively. Conclusion: The prevalence rate of cerebral infarction in males is significantly higher than that in females. The proportion of elderly patients is higher. Hypertension, diabetes and coronary heart disease are common complications.