公共管理视阈下老年人群心理健康风险分析及对策

Influencing Factors and Policy Implications of Mental Health Risk of the Elderly: From the Perspective of Public Management

摘要: 运用定量与定性研究相结合，分析老年人群的心理健康风险源。通过定性研究提出了影响老年人群心理健康源的四维来源，即生活事件、生存环境、人际关系资源、社会文化状况。采用德尔菲法、运用层次分析法等研究，发现老年人群心理健康社会风险源按其重要性依次排列为：生活事件，生存环境，人际关系资源，社会文化因素。通过对山东省2013位老年人进行问卷调查和心理测量，并运用二分类Logistic多元回归分析，发现心理问题阳性检出率为41.08%，定量研究影响老年人群心理健康的因素与定性研究具有一致性。按照上述四类因素寻找访谈对象进行深度访谈，发现它们的确会影响老年人的心理健康，在此基础上提出“三位一体”的老年群体心理健康风险预警、管控机制。

Abstract: In this paper, we analyzed the influencing factors of the mental health risk using both qualitative and quantitative approaches. In the qualitative study, four domains of influencing factors of mental health, that is, life events, living environment, interpersonal relationship, social and cultural context. In the quantitative study, a total of 2013 participants were recruited in Shandong Province. The results show that 827 participants (41.08%) were diagnosed with psychological problems. The influencing factors of the mental health risk of the elderly found in the quantitative study were consistent with the findings from the qualitative study. According to those findings, in-depth interviews were performed and confirmed the four domains of influencing factors of the mental health risk of the elderly. Therefore, the trinity model of the monitoring and control system for the mental health risk of the elderly is suggested.