围术期护理对肺癌患者术后呼吸功能恢复及肺部并发症的影响

Effect of Perioperative Nursing on Postoperative Respiratory Function Recovery and Pulmonary Complications in Patients with Lung Cancer

摘要: 目的：分析于接受手术治疗的肺癌患者中应用围术期护理对患者手术完成后的呼吸功能恢复及肺部并发症所产生的影响。方法：2016.4~2018.11期间，以随机数表法为分组原则，从我院挑选100例肺癌患者作为研究对象，将其分为对照组和观察组，各50例，对照组患者应用常规护理，观察组患者在常规护理的基础上应用围术期护理，对比分析两组患者术后呼吸功能恢复情况、肺部并发症以及肺功能各项指标。结果：肺功能各项指标与对照组相比较，即用力肺活量、第一秒用力呼气量以及最大通气量观察组均显著较高，组间差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)；呼吸功能各项指标与对照组相比较，即咳嗽程度、排痰难度、痰液粘稠度以及肺部啰音观察组均显著较优，组间差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)；肺部并发症与对照组相比较，即肺功能低下、肺炎以及肺不张的总发生率观察组显著较高，其中对照组的并发症发生率为34.00%，观察组的并发症发生率为8.00%，组间差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。结论：于实施手术治疗的肺癌患者中应用围术期护理的效果显著，即提升了患者的肺功能和呼吸功能，而且可降低肺部并发症的发生率，具有良好的临床应用价值与意义。

Abstract: Objective: To analyze the effect of perioperative nursing on respiratory function recovery and pulmonary complications in patients with lung cancer treated by surgery. Methods: A total of 100 patients with lung cancer were divided into two groups: control group (n = 50) and observation group (n = 50). The patients in the control group were treated with routine nursing. The patients in the observation group were treated with perioperative nursing on the basis of routine nursing. The recovery of respiratory function, pulmonary complications and pulmonary function were compared and analyzed between the two groups. Result: Compared with the control group, forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in the first second and maximal ventilation in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the respiratory function indexes such as cough degree, difficulty of expectoration, consistency of sputum and pulmonary rales in the observation group were significantly better than those in the control group, and there was significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the total incidence of pulmonary dysfunction, pneumonia and atelectasis in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group. The incidence of complications in the control group was 34.0%, and the complications in the observation group were complicated. The incidence of the disease was 8.00%; the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The application of perioperative nursing in lung cancer patients undergoing surgical treatment has a significant effect, that is to say, it can improve the lung function and respiratory function of the patients, and reduce the incidence of pulmonary complications, which has a good clinical value and significance.