生态利益的法律确认及实现路径

The Legal Recognition and Approach of Ecological Interests

摘要: 随着生态文明时代到来，生态利益成为人们众多利益需求中的首要需求，满足人们的生态利益需求在制度建构上首先是给予其法律确认，并通过相关的制度使生态利益和人类需求的其他利益之间达到平衡，最终实现人与自然和谐的终极目标。文章首先界定了生态利益的内涵，认为其是环境利益的下位概念，在生态不断恶化的当下应受到法律的确认、调整；在此基础上，分析了生态利益法治化的价值追求及当前法治化过程中存在的困境；最后，通过生态利益的立法确认，生态利益实现的政府引导、市场激励、公共参与等综合机制来实现生态利益的法治化路径。

Abstract: With the advent of the ecological civilization, ecological interest becomes the top priority among people’s demands. To meet people’s interest demands, it first requires legal recognition, and then the balance between ecological interest and people’s other demands through the related system. Ultimately, the harmony between human being and nature is realized. This paper first gives the definition of ecological interest, which is included in environmental interest and should be legally recognized in the worsening ecology. It further discusses the dilemma and significance of the le-galization of ecological interest. Finally, it points out government guidance, market incentive and public participation as the realization of the legal approaches.