枸橼酸咖啡因预防早产儿呼吸暂停的临床效果观察

Clinical Effect of Caffeine Citrate on Prophylaxis of Premature Infants with Apnea

摘要: 目的：探讨枸橼酸咖啡因应用于预防早产儿呼吸暂停的临床效果。方法：将2015年11月至2017年11月期间本院收治的胎龄不足34周的早产儿作为研究资料，共106例随机分组各53例，对照组实施常规营养支持及预防处理，当发生呼吸暂停后再给予枸缘酸咖啡因治疗，观察组实施新生儿出生后24 h内给予枸橼酸咖啡因预防治疗，观察预防呼吸暂停效果、相关并发症发生效果及早期治疗早产儿呼吸暂停的效果等。结果：观察组预防显效率52.83%显著高于对照组20.75%，P < 0.05；观察组治疗有效率92.00%与对照组92.86%比较无明显差异，P > 0.05；观察组用药不良反应率为7.55%，与对照组7.14%比较无明显差异，P > 0.05。观察组并发支气管肺发育不良1.89%、脑室内出血1.89%、早产儿视网膜病3.77%均低于对照组13.21%、15.09%、15.09%，P < 0.05。结论：早产儿出生后24 h内给予静脉注射枸橼酸咖啡因可获得良好的预防呼吸暂停效果，并不会增加药物不良反应，且可减少相关并发症的发生，获得良好的疗效，值得推广。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of caffeine citrate in the prevention of apnea in prema-ture infants. Methods: From November 2015 to November 2017, 106 premature infants with gestational age of less than 34 weeks were randomly divided into three groups. The control group received routine nutrition support and preventive treatment. When apnea occurred, the treatment group was treated with caffeine citrate, and the observation group was treated with caffeine citrate within 24 hours after birth, and the effect of preventing apnea was observed, and the effect of preventing apnea, related complications and early treatment of apnea in premature infants were observed. Results: The effective rate of prevention in the observation group was 52.83% sig-nificantly higher than that of the control group (20.75%, P < 0.05), the effective rate of treatment in the observation group was 92.00% and the control group was 92.86% (P > 0.05), and the adverse drug reaction rate of the observation group was 7.55%, and there was no significant difference between the observation group and the control group (7.14%, P > 0.05). In the observation group, 1.89% of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, 1.89% of intracerebroventricular hemorrhage and 3.77% of retinopathy of preterm infants were lower than those of the control group (13.21%, 15.09%, 15.09%, P < 0.05). Conclusion: Premature infants are born 24 hours after birth. Intravenous injection of citric acid caffeine can prevent apnea, does not increase adverse drug reactions, can reduce the incidence of related complications, and obtain good curative effect, which is worth popularizing.