静水压法诱导虹鳟三倍体技术研究

Studies on Triploid Induction of Rainbow Trout (Onchorynchus mykiss) by Hydrostatic Method

摘要: 本文共进行三组实验，分别为起始时间为10~30 min、静水压压力为68.9 Mpa、持续时间为5 min的单因素实验一；起始时间为10~40 min、静水压压力为68.9 Mpa、持续时间为5 min的单因素实验二；以及起始时间(20, 30, 40 min)、压力大小(60, 65, 70 Mpa)、持续时间(3, 5, 7 min)的三因素正交实验三。实验一结果显示，当起始时间为30 min时，可以得到100%的三倍体率，并且该组的发眼率和上浮率相对于对照组均无显著性差异。实验二结果显示，综合发眼率、上浮率、三倍体率三个数据，最优的三倍体诱导起始时间为受精后的30~35 min。实验三结果显示，起始时间为20~40 min，静水压压力为60~70 Mpa，持续时间为3~7 min对三倍体率的影响无明显差异，在此时间范围内诱导都能够获得100%的三倍体率。结果说明，在保证子代一定的存活率的基础之上可以有效地获得100%的虹鳟三倍体。

Abstract: In this study, three groups of experiments were carried out. Single factor experiment 1: starting time was 10~30 min, hydrostatic pressure was 68.9 Mpa, duration was 5 min; single factor expe-riment 2: starting time was 10~40 min, hydraulic pressure was 68.9 Mpa and the duration was 5 min; the three-factor orthogonal experiment 3: starting time (20, 30, 40 min), pressure (60, 65, 70 Mpa), duration (3, 5, 7 min). The results of experiment 1 showed that when the starting time was 30 min, 100% triploid rate could be obtained, and the eyed rate and the floating rate of this group were not significantly different from those of the control group. The results of experiment 2 showed that the optimal induction time of triploid was 30~35 min after fertilization based on the data of eyed rate, floatation rate and triploid rate. The results of experiment 3 showed that there was no significant difference in the triploid rate in the experimental groups with a starting time of 20~40 min, a hydrostatic pressure of 60~70 Mpa and a duration of 3~7 min; within this time range, the induction rate of triploids can reach 100%.