低真空管道磁浮列车气动特性

Aerodynamic Characteristics of Maglev Train on Low Evacuated Tube

摘要: 基于可压缩Naiver-Stokes方程，研究了低真空管道条件下管道面积、管道压力对磁浮列车气动特性的影响。研究结果表明：磁浮列车在低真空环境和明线运行环境下流场具有相似性，列车与管道之间的环状空间类似于拉瓦尔喷管，具有膨胀加速或压缩减速的流动特性，磁浮列车速度达到临界速度时，磁浮列车尾部会出现激波。磁浮列车的气动力随着管道面积的减小而增大，磁浮列车尾部出现激波后，尾车的气动力会剧增。磁浮列车的气动力系数随着管道压力的增加下降，但管道压力变化大时，导致雷诺数变化大，从而列车的气动力系数有较大不同。

Abstract: Based on compressible Naiver-Stokes equation, the aerodynamic characteristics of maglev train on different tube area and pressure are studied. The results indicated the flow field around maglev train in low evacuated tube is similar to that in open air, the annular space between maglev train and tube is similar to Laval nozzle and has the flow characteristics of expansion acceleration or compression deceleration, when the speed of maglev train reaches the critical speed, there will be shock wave at the rear of maglev train, the aerodynamic forces of maglev train increase with the decrease of tube area, the aerodynamic forces of the tail car will increase dramatically when the shock wave occurs at the tail of maglev train. The aerodynamic coefficients of maglev train de-creases slightly with the increase of tube pressure, but tube pressure changes, resulting in Reynolds number changes, so as to the aerodynamic coefficients of maglev train are quite different.