水平竞争条件下的供应链模式研究

The Response Mode of Supply Chain under Horizontal Competition

摘要: 目前的供应链模式主要有响应型供应链和效率型供应链等。本文分别构造了单一供应链以及水平竞争的双供应链模型，对需求信息的准确性进行了数学描述，由此量化了信息准确度与生产成本的相互作用，研究了成本效应和信息效应对供应链决策模式时的影响。研究发现，当市场中仅有单一供应链并忽略成本要素时，响应型供应链是最优供应链模式；当市场中有两条供应链存在水平竞争时，除考虑成本效应和精度效应外，还需考虑双方所获需求信息间的耦合效应；由于信息耦合作用，哪怕不需要提高成本且信息精度更高，响应型供应链也并不总是供应链的最优模式选择，这是由于当双方都采用同种供应链类型时会加剧水平竞争的激烈程度，反而影响供应链整体收益。

Abstract: There are two types of response modes from which the supply chains can choose: responsive supply chain and efficient supply chain. This paper builds a model of single supply chain and of two supply chains under horizontal competition. Then the demand information accuracy is mathematically described and the interaction between information accuracy and production cost is quantified. On this basis, this paper studies the influence of cost effect and information effect on the mode selection of the supply chain. We show that when there is only one supply chain and ignoring the cost factor, responsive supply chain is the unique equilibrium. When there are two competing supply chains, the coupling effect between their demand information should be taken into consideration besides the cost effect and precision effect. The results suggest that because of the coupling of information, responsive supply chain isn’t always the equilibrium strategy even if the production cost is not high or the information is more accurate. This is because the competition intensity will be intensified when competitors adopt the same supply chain mode, which will affect the overall profits of the supply chain on the contrary.