既有改造扩建型交通枢纽站的设计研究——以沈阳北站为例

Research on the Design of the Extension of Existing Transportation Hub—A Case Study of the Shenyangbei Subway Station

摘要: 国内存在较多既有车站改造升级的交通枢纽在设计过程中由于对客流组织的研究不够导致其开通后存在客流瓶颈问题。针对该问题，以沈阳北站的改造升级为例提出了一种充分考虑客流组织的设计流程，本文主要进行了以下研究：1) 基于地铁4号线的引入，对沈阳北站交通枢纽的客流进行重新梳理，结合原有客流进行二次组织，形成集多种交通方式的多维客流体系。2) 在客流二次组织形成多维客流体系的基础上，完成沈阳地铁4号线沈阳北站建筑方案。引入仿真客流模拟技术，对远期高峰客流情况下的客流情况和紧急疏散工况下的客流进行仿真模拟，通过模拟结果调整方案，形成最终的沈阳北站建筑方案。3) 通过本次对沈阳北站交通枢纽的扩建，针对扩建型交通枢纽的预留工程以及未来的扩建工程，提出相应的设计建议。对于扩建型交通枢纽应在设计初期对于预留工程进行前瞻性的设计考虑，预留足够的接口，并实现方案的可包容性。扩建工程应在保证既有交通功能的基础上，首先对客流二次梳理，依据客流需求完成建筑设计。

Abstract: In China, lots of existing subway stations meet the issue that the passenger flow cannot be satisfied in the service stage, because the research on the passenger flow organization during the design stage is not sufficient. Thus, the subway stations meeting the passenger flow issue were trans-formed and upgraded. For this issue, based on the case history of transform of Shenyangbei Station, an intact design process was proposed in this paper, which considered the passenger flow organization sufficiently. The main research contents are as follows: 1) The passenger flow of Shenyangbei Station was reorganized based on the addition of Subway Line 4. According to the reorganization of the original passenger flow, a multi-dimensional passenger flow system was formed. 2) The architectural scheme of Shenyangbei Subway Station was completed based on the multi-dimensional passenger flow system formed by reorganization of the passenger flow. The numerical simulations were conducted to investigate the passenger flows under the emergency evacuation condition and the forward peak passenger flow condition using the numerical passenger flow simulation technology. The final architectural scheme of Shenyangbei Subway Station was determined by the simulation results. 3) Based on the expansion of the transportation hub of Shenyangbei Subway Station, the corresponding design proposals were proposed in terms of the reserve project for the extended transportation hub and the expansion project in the future. For the extended transportation hub, forward-looking design should be employed for the reserved project at the initial design stage. Sufficient connectors should be reserved, and the solution should be inclusive. The existing traffic functions of the expansion project should be ensured. After the reorganization of the passenger flow, the architectural design of the expansion project should be completed according to the passenger flow requirements.