超材料吸波器的研究进展

Research Progress of Metamaterial Absorber

摘要: 为了更好的利用电磁波并消除其负面作用，超材料吸波器成为一大研究方向。这是一种通过特殊结构和材料可以将入射到其表面的电磁波能量转化为其他能量损耗掉的器件，其特殊性在于超材料的应用，与天然材料相比独特的电磁特性使得它在电磁领域具有重大意义。本文将从吸波器的结构、机理、材料三方面来介绍目前国内外超材料吸波器的研究现状。针对吸波器结构主要介绍平铺阵列结构和立体结构两大类；针对吸波器吸波机理，主要介绍频率选择表面、电磁谐振和表面等离子体三方面；针对吸波器材料将从金属材料、铁氧体材料、碳材料和新型材料四方面入手进行详细介绍。随着材料领域的不断革新和研究人员的不懈努力，相信吸波器将会在性能上更加完备，应用于更多领域，在民用和军事领域中都大放异彩。

Abstract: In order to make better use of electromagnetic waves and eliminate their negative effects, metamaterial absorbers have become a major research direction. This is a device that converts electromagnetic wave energy incident on its surface into other energy to deplete it through special structures and materials. Its particularity based on the application of metamaterials, and its unique electromagnetic properties compared with natural materials make it has great significance in the electromagnetic field. In this paper, the current research status of supermaterial absorbers at home and abroad will be introduced through the structures, mechanisms and materials of the absorbers. For the structures, it mainly introduces two types of tiled-array structure and three-dimensional structure. For the absorption mechanisms, it mainly introduces the frequency selection surface, electromagnetic resonance and surface plasma. For the materials, it introduces metal materials, ferrite materials, carbon materials and new materials in detail. With the continuous innovation in the field of materials and the unremitting efforts of researchers, we believed the absorbing device will be applied to more and more fields with more perfect performances and shine in both the civilian and military fields.