公交车“司乘冲突”的刑法透视

Criminal Law Study on “Clash of Bus Drivers and Pas-sengers”

摘要: 对于“司乘冲突”引发的刑事案件，司法实践中存在过高评价、模糊评价的问题，案件的定性较为粗糙。现有的罪名无法涵盖乘客的妨害安全驾驶行为，有必要增设“妨害安全驾驶罪”以准确评价此类行为，其规范目的在于弥补妨害安全驾驶行为造成不具有与放火爆炸等同质性的公共危险的情形，对发生公共安全的实际侵害或具体危险场合下的定性空白，在此基础上对该罪的构成进行简要的设计。而对于司机“擅离驾驶岗位”的行为则应进行类型化的分析，现行治理体系已经能够完成准确解释和评价，从社会危害性、刑法谦抑性以及程序的效率与公正等角度也应否定入罪的观点。

Abstract: In the criminal cases caused by “striving conflicts”, there are problems of excessive evaluation and fuzzy evaluation in judicial practice, and the case is rather rough. The existing offences cannot cover passengers’ nuisances of safe driving, and it is necessary to add “dangerous driving offences” to accurately evaluate such behaviors. The purpose of the regulation is to compensate for the public risks that do not have the same quality as the arson explosion. The situation, the actual infringement of public safety or the qualitative gap in the specific dangerous situation, on this basis, the composition of the crime is briefly designed. For the driver’s behavior of “professional driving position”, the type analysis should be carried out. The current governance system has been able to complete accurate interpretation and evaluation. The viewpoint of conviction should also be negated from the perspectives of social harm, criminal law and modest efficiency and fairness.