社会地位认同对消费升级的影响分析

Analysis of the Influence of Social Status Identification Consumption Upgrading

摘要: 本文使用中国综合调查数据，分析社会阶层认同对消费结构的影响及其内在作用机制。通过分析发现，社会地位认同对居民消费结构有一定的促进作用，社会地位认同越高，有助于降低恩格尔系数即体验及发展性消费支出占比增多。这一改善是通过提高交通通讯和文化娱乐支出占比来实现的。而且进一步发现，社会地位认同可以通过对消费观念的影响间接影响消费结构升级。其他方面，教育程度、人均收入和家庭住房面积也有助于降低恩格尔系数。在我国消费结构不断升级的背景下，探讨了造成这种现象的原因之一——地位寻求及内在作用机制，有利于准确把握和促进各阶层的消费结构升级。

Abstract: This paper uses Chinese Comprehensive Survey data to analyze the influence of social class identification on consumption structure and its internal mechanism. It is found that social status identification plays a certain role in promoting the consumption structure of residents. The higher the social status identification is, the lower the Engel’s coefficient is. The improvement was achieved by increasing the share of spending on transport, communications and entertainment. Furthermore, it is found that social status identification can indirectly affect the upgrading of consumption structure through its influence on consumption concept. Education, per capita income and household size also help reduce Engel’s coefficient. In the context of the continuous upgrading of the consumption structure in China, this paper discusses one of the reasons for this phenomenon-status seeking and internal mechanism of action, which is conducive to accurately grasping and promoting the upgrading of the consumption structure of every class.