超低温气动阀门驱动机构及其防卡滞技术

Driving Mechanism of Ultra-Low Temperature Pneumatic Valve and Anti-Sticking Technology

摘要: 驱动机构设计及其防卡滞技术是低温火箭发动机阀门的一项关键设计技术。提高驱动机构的设计水平、防止阀门卡滞，从而提高驱动机构运动的可靠性是低温气动阀门设计的一项重要内容，特别是在超低温环境中，阀门更容易发生卡滞、卡死故障。这类故障往往是在动作若干次后才发生，不易被人们所发现，因而它像一颗“定时炸弹”，常常成为阀门可靠性设计的最大威胁。本文重点介绍了我国氢氧发动机阀门驱动机构的设计技术，并对某型氢氧发动机中出现过的典型故障案例，所采用的防卡滞技术及其改进效果进行详细的论述。本文可供低温阀门设计人员设计和研制时参考。

Abstract: The design of driving mechanism and its anti-sticking technology is a key design technology for valves of cryogenic liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen engines. Improving the design level of the driving mechanism, preventing valve sticking and improving the reliability of the driving mecha-nism motion are an important part of the ultra-low temperature pneumatic valve design, especially in ultra-low temperature environment, driving mechanism is more prone to stuck dead fault. Such failures often occur after several actions, not easily discovered. So it’s like a “time bomb”, it often becomes the greatest threat to valve reliability design. This paper mainly introduces the design technology of valve driving mechanism for hydrogen-oxygen engine in China. The anti-sticking technology and its improvement effect of typical faults in a hydrogen-oxygen engine are discussed in detail. This paper can be used as a reference for cryogenic valve designers in design and development.