桐花树根际真菌的分离和鉴定

Isolation and Identification of Rhizosphere Fungi from Aegiceras corniculatum

摘要: 本研究对桐花树根际海泥的真菌进行分离和鉴定，以期了解该区系的真菌组成结构。通过春季、夏季和冬季不同时期的采样，采用了涂布平皿法，对样品进行分离计数及纯化，并通过对纯化菌株的形态学特征来鉴定其在属水平上的分类学地位。研究结果表明，3个时期的样品分离共获得54株真菌菌株，分属于5个属。分别为曲霉属Aspergillus、枝顶孢霉属Acremonium、青霉属Penicillium、侧齿霉属Engyodontium和枝孢霉属Cladosporium。统计结果显示，桐花树根际海泥的真菌以春季样品分离的菌株数最多，有22株，其次是夏季有20株，最少的是冬季只有12株。桐花树根际海泥的真菌第一优势属为曲霉属，分离频率占总分离菌株数的53.7%；第二优势属为枝顶孢霉属和青霉属，分离频率均为16.7%；第三优势属为侧齿霉属，分离频率为14.8%，第四优势属为枝孢霉属，分离频率为5.6%。了解桐花树根际海泥真菌的种群结构，掌握其不同时期的变化规律，对桐花树的保护有重要意义。

Abstract: In this study, the fungi in rhizosphere mud of Aegiceras corniculatum were isolated and identified in order to understand the fungi composition and structure. The samples were sampled in spring, summer and winter respectively. The samples were isolated, counted and purified by plate method. The taxonomic status of the purified strains was identified at the generic level by the morphological characteristics. The results showed that 54 strains of fungi were isolated from the samples of three periods which belonging to 5 genera: Aspergillus, Acremonium, Penicillium, Engyodontium and Cladosporium respectively. Statistical results showed that the number of fungi isolated from rhizosphere mud of A. corniculatum was the highest in spring with 22 strains, 20 in summer and 12 in winter. The first dominant genus of fungi in the rhizosphere mud of A. corniculatum is Aspergillus, with isolation frequency accounting for 53.7% of the total isolation strains; the second dominant genus is Cladosporium and Penicillium, with isolation frequency of 16.7%; the third dominant genus is Acremonium, with isolation frequency of 14.8%; and the fourth dominant genus is Cladosporium with isolation frequency of 5.6%. Understanding the population structure of marine mud fungi in the rhizosphere of A. corniculatum in different periods is of great significance for the protection of A. corniculatum.