四种盐胁迫对谷子萌发及生长的影响

Effects of Four Single Salt Stresses on the Germination of Millet

摘要: 土壤盐渍化是人类面临的生态环境危机之一，是限制农牧业生产发展的重要环境因素。因此，研究植物耐盐碱性对盐碱地的选育具有重要的理论意义和经济价值。根据吉林省西部盐碱地主要致害盐的组成，在实验室中选择了两种中性盐NaCl和Na₂SO₄，两种碱性盐NaHCO₃和Na₂CO₃，在人工智能气候室内探索谷子萌发期和苗期的盐、碱耐受性进行了研究。实验结果表明：中性盐NaCl和Na₂SO₄对于谷子的萌发和生长没有明显的抑制作用，且低浓度时可以促进谷子的萌发和生长(P < 0.05)。而NaHCO₃和Na₂CO₃两种碱性盐对谷子的萌发和生长具有明显的抑制作用(P < 0.01)。黄谷对这四种盐的耐受性顺序：Na₂SO₄ > NaCl > NaHCO₃ > Na2CO3，碱性盐比中性盐的胁迫作用更大。因此，研究黄谷的耐盐碱性，对于盐碱地的选种和育种具有一定的理论意义。

Abstract: Soil salinization is one of the ecological environment crises facing human beings, and it is an important factor that puzzles the development of agriculture and animal husbandry. Therefore, the study of salt and alkali tolerance of plants has important theoretical significance and economic value for the selection and breeding of saline-alkali land. According to the main harmful salt composition of saline-alkali land in west of Jilin Province, this study chose two neutral salt NaCl and Na₂SO₄, two alkaline salts NaHCO₃ and Na₂CO₃ in laboratory to explore salt and alkaline tolerance of millet at Germination and seedling stages. The results showed that two neutral salt NaCl and Na₂SO₄ had no obvious inhibitory effect on the germination and growth of millet, and could promote the germination and growth of millet at low concentration (P < 0.05). The alkaline salts NaHCO₃ and Na₂CO₃ had obvious inhibitory effects on the germination and growth of millet (P < 0.01). Millet is a salt-tolerant plant, and alkaline salt has greater stress than neutral salt. The order of tolerance of millet to four salts in this experiment was Na₂SO₄ > NaCl > NaHCO₃ > Na₂CO₃. The stress effect of alkaline salt was greater than that of neutral salt. Therefore, it is of certain theoretical significance to study the salt tolerance of huanggu for seed selection and breeding of saline-alkali land.