叠层组装的钒酸镍纳米四棱柱的制备及其电化学性能研究

Preparation of Laminated Assembled Nickel Vanadate Tetragonal Prisms and Their Electrochemical Property

摘要: 近年来，钒酸镍作为一种二元金属氧化物储能材料得到广泛关注，但是它的一维结构仍难以得到。本工作通过表面活性剂诱导控制的水热法，在国际上首次制备出一种磨角四方片叠层组装的一维棱柱状钒酸镍纳米材料。该纳米棱柱底的边长约为500 nm，长度约5 μm，侧面呈现出阶梯状的粗糙结构。这种独特的一维棱柱结构具有更高的电导性，暴露更多的高活性表面和缺陷反应位点，从而大大提高电化学性能。电化学测试表明，钒酸镍具有898 F/g的超高比容量值，尤其值得注意的是它优异的倍率性能，即使在50 A/g的极大电流密度下，它的比容量仍然有65%的高保持率。这种新型的钒酸镍四棱柱材料在储能领域具有广阔的应用前景。

Abstract: In recent years, nickel vanadate as a binary metal oxide energy storage material draws wide con-cern, but its1D structure is still difficult to obtain. Herein, a prismatic nickel vanadate material assembled by chamfered tetragonum has been prepared for the first time by hydrothermal method controlled by surfactant. The bottom length of the nanoprism is about 500 nm, its height is ~5 μm, and the side has ladder-like rough structures. The unique 1D prismatic structure has higher conductivity, and may expose more highly active surfaces and defect reaction sites, thus greatly improving electrochemical performance. Electrochemical tests show that nickel vanadate has a very high specific capacity of 898 F/g. Notably, even at a very high current density of 50 A/g, its specific capacitance can still maintain high value, demonstrating excellent rate capability. This new nickel vanadate prism material has a broad application prospect in the field of energy storage.