以太坊2.0的状态容量问题的分析

Analysis of the State Capacity Problem of Ethereum 2.0

摘要: 作为最知名的公有链项目之一，以太坊拥有全球最大的区块链开源社区，也是全球最活跃的公有链。但同时，性能也是极大的瓶颈问题。因此，提高交易吞吐量(Transactions Per Second，TPS)是以太坊下一步能够生存和发展的重要目标，但与此同时，容量问题将会暴露出来。按照以太坊2.0的改进方案，分析可能存在的状态容量需求和隐患问题。主要包括：相关的计算与评估；达到预期TPS时的节点同步情况、容量需求以及可能的隐患问题。最后进行总结并展望了未来的重点研究方向。

Abstract: As one of the most well-known public chain projects, Ethereum has the world’s largest blockchain open source community and the most active public chain in the world. But at the same time, performance is also a huge bottleneck. Therefore, Improving Transaction Per Second (TPS) is an important goal for Ethereum to survive and develop in the next step, but at the same time, capacity issues will be exposed. According to the improvement plan of Ethereum 2.0, the paper analyzes the possible state requirements and hidden dangers. Highlights include: related calculations and assessments; node synchronization, expected capacity requirements, and potential hazards when TPS is expected. Finally, it summarizes and looks forward to the key research directions in the future.