基于Hypack 2018软件GNSS三维水道观测技术与方法探讨

Discussion on Technology and Method of GNSS Three-Dimensional Waterway Survey Based on Hypack 2018 Software

摘要: 水道地形测量的关键技术是获取水深值和瞬间的潮位值(或称之为水位值)，并以此来计算水底点高程。而潮位值的获取方式有验潮和无验潮(GNSS潮位或RTK潮位)等多种不同方法。水道观测时通过Hypack软件进行数据采集，会获得丰富的原始数据，如何利用这些数据获取GNSS潮位值，进而实现GNSS三维水道观测十分有意义。本文对Hypack 2018软件中几种GNSS三维水道观测的技术及实现方法进行了分析与介绍，并通过实例试验数据对比与分析，提出了基于“GPS MNEA-0183”驱动模式下，通过后处理提取原始RAW文件里面关于KTC数据信息中的当地高程信息，用于潮位计算，具有方便快捷、精度高的优势，在内河三维道观测方面具有较高的使用与推广价值。

Abstract: The key technology of hydrographic topographic survey is to obtain the water depth and tidal level (or water level) and calculate the elevation of the bottom point. There are many different methods to obtain tidal level values, such as tide gauge and non-tide gauge (GNSS or RTK tidal level). Data acquisition through Hypack software can obtain abundant raw data. How to use these data to acquire GNSS tidal level and then realize GNSS three-dimensional waterway observation is very meaningful. In this paper, several GNSS three-dimensional waterway observation techniques and implementation methods in Hypack 2018 software are analyzed and introduced. Through the comparison and analysis of the experimental data, the local elevation information of KTC data in the original RAW file is extracted by post-processing under the driving mode of "GPS MNEA-0183". It has the advantages of convenience, rapidity and high precision in tidal level calculation, and has high application and popularization value in inland river three-dimensional waterway observation.