日本罗马字规范标准沿革概略

An Overview of the Standard of Japanese Roman Alphabets

摘要: 语言规划是社会语言学研究中的一大重要论题，文字规范标准问题则为语言规划的重要内容。文字规范标准的确立，可有效促使文字的教育推广与使用传播。日本文字系统包括三类形式，即汉字、假名、罗马字。其中汉字、假名与东方文字存在密切关联，罗马字与西方文字存在密切关联。本文主要梳理了罗马字传入的历史发展过程，介绍了近现代罗马字规范标准的确立沿革特征，以期为罗马字规范标准学术讨论贡献力量，进而丰富国别语言规划研究内容。

Abstract: Language planning is an important topic in sociolinguistics, and the standardization of written language is an essential part of language planning. The establishment of the standard can effectively promote the development of literal education and its usage. Japanese writing system includes three forms: Chinese characters, kana and Roman Alphabets. Chinese characters and kana are closely related to oriental characters, while Roman Alphabets are closely related to Western characters. This paper mainly reviews historical development process of the introduction of Roman Alphabets, and introduces the characteristics of the establishment and evolution of the normative standards of Roman Alphabets in modern times, in order to contribute to the academic discussion of the Roman Alphabets Standard, and then enrich the research content of national language planning.