循证护理对尿毒症血液透析患者营养状况、SAS评分、SDS评及生活质量的影响分析

Effect of Evidence-Based Nursing on Nutritional Status, SAS Score, SDS Score and Quality of Life in Uremic Patients with Hemodialysis

摘要: 目的：探讨循证护理干预对尿毒症血液透析患者的营养状况、负面情绪、生活质量的影响。方法：选择2015年1月~2017年6月我院收治并行血液透析治疗的尿毒症患者92例，采用随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组，各46例。对照组予以常规护理，观察组予以循证护理，比较两组患者护理效果。结果：干预后，两组患者的焦虑症状、抑郁症状明显较干预前程度更轻(P < 0.05)；观察组干预后的焦虑症状(34.27 ± 5.33)、抑郁症状(36.42 ± 6.67)明显较对照组程度更轻，两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。干预后，两组患者的血红蛋白、前白蛋白、转铁蛋白、白蛋白水平明显高于干预前(P < 0.05)；观察组干预后的血红蛋白(118.93 ± 9.26) g/L、前白蛋白(0.35 ± 0.02) g/L、转铁蛋白(1.72 ± 0.13) g/L、白蛋白水平(38.42 ± 7.98) g/L明显高于对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。干预后，两组患者的生活质量评分明显高于干预前(P < 0.05)；观察组干预后的生活质量评分(63.24 ± 9.71)明显高于对照组的(55.41 ± 6.14)，两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。结论：循证护理干预可有效改善尿毒症血液透析患者的心理状态，改善患者的营养状况，避免营养不良的发生，有效提高患者的生活质量，护理效果良好，值得在临床上推广使用。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the effect of evidence-based nursing intervention on nutritional status, neg-ative emotions and quality of life in uremic hemodialysis patients. Methods: 92 uremic patients with hemodialysis in our hospital from January 2015 to June 2017 were randomly divided into observation group and control group with 46 cases in each group. The control group was given routine nursing, the observation group was given evidence-based nursing, and the nursing effects of the two groups were compared. Results: After the intervention, the anxiety symptoms and de-pressive symptoms of the two groups were significantly lighter than those before the intervention (P < 0.05); the anxiety symptoms (34.27 + 5.33) and depressive symptoms (36.42 + 6.67) of the observation group were significantly lighter than those of the control group (P < 0.05). After in-tervention, the levels of hemoglobin, prealbumin, transferrin and albumin in the two groups were significantly higher than those before intervention (P < 0.05); the levels of hemoglobin, prealbumin, transferrin, and albumin in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (118.93 (+9.26) g/L, 0.35 (+0.02) g/L, 1.72 (+0.13) g/L, 38.42 (+7.98) g/L). According to the group, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). After the intervention, the quality of life score of the two groups was significantly higher than that before the intervention (P < 0.05), and the quality of life score of the observation group (63.24, 9.71) was significantly higher than that of the control group (55.41, 6.14), the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Evidence-based nursing intervention can effectively improve the psychological status of uremic hemodialysis patients, improve the nutritional status of patients, avoid malnutrition, effectively improve the quality of life of patients, nursing effect is good. It is worth popularizing in clinical use.