水产类原料清洗去杂的水射流实验装置设计

Design of Experimental Equipment for Water Jet Cleaning of Aquatic Raw Materials

摘要: 基于水射流的水产类原料清洗去杂设备具有快速高效作业特点，但清洗效果与设备运行参数密切相关。针对水产类原料清洗去杂设备水射流作业机理不清、运行参数优化缺乏依据导致难以实现高质低损清洗去杂加工问题，本文研发了一种水产类原料水射流清洗加工力学性能检测实验装置，装置包括机械主体、供水系统、射流系统、输送系统、检测系统以及防护装置6部分组成，可根据实验需求在较大范围内调整水射流清洗过程中的射流压力、靶距、入射角以及原料输送方向和速度等参数，通过受射流打击的被测物料表面多点应变值测量，获得水产类原料清洗去杂过程的力学特性分布和变化规律，测量有效性通过实验进行了验证。该实验装置可为水产类原料清洗机理分析、水射流清洗设备结构设计和参数优化提供实验基础和数据支持。

Abstract: The machine used to clean and refine the aquatic materials by water jet is fast and efficient, but the effect of the machine is significantly related to the operation parameters. Aiming at the unclear mechanism of water jet flow in the cleaning and decontamination equipment of aquatic products, the lack of basis for the optimization of operating parameters makes it difficult to achieve high quality and low loss cleaning and remove impurities processing problems. Hence, the machine to test the mechanical properties of cleaning and processing of water jet was developed, which consisted of mechanical body, water supply system, jet system, transportation system, detection system and protective device. The parameters such as jet pressure, target distance, incident angle, raw material transportation direction and velocity could be adjusted randomly in a large range. The distribution and variation of mechanical properties during the cleaning and refining process of aquatic materials were obtained by measuring the hitting strain value of sample surface caused by jet. The effectiveness of the measurement has been verified by experiments. In a word, the machine can provide experimental basis and data support for cleaning mechanism, design of the structure and parameter optimization of water jet cleaning machine.