对大腿截肢患者穿戴两种膝关节假肢在平整路面下的步态分析

Gait Analysis of Two Kinds of Knee Prosthetics for Thigh Amputees under Flat Pavement

摘要: 目的：本文主要借助卡伦(CAREN)康复系统，让大腿截肢患者使用相同的踝关节、相同的脚板和相同的接受腔的情况下，分别穿戴液压单轴膝关节假肢和智能膝关节假肢，在卡伦康复系统模拟的平整路面下行走并记录相关数据，然后进行步态分析，进而为患者选择更为理想的膝关节类型找出合理的临床依据。方法：首先让8例大腿截肢患者穿戴液压单轴膝关节假肢进行步行测试；然后再换上智能膝关节假肢进行步行测试。每次行走截取完整的25个标记点的图像即包括测力台上图像的步态周期分析，记录时间和空间数据，本实验主要以步速、跨步长、步态周期、双支撑期为参考指标，并进行统计学分析，进而寻找出最适合患者的假肢。结果：实验显示，穿戴智能膝关节假肢的大腿截肢患者的步态和稳定性明显优于穿戴液压单轴膝关节假肢的步态。经过统计学处理，具有显著性差异(P < 0.05)。结论：智能膝关节假肢更有效改善或提高大腿截肢患者的稳定性和步态。

Abstract: Objective: With the help of Karen Rehabilitation System, the patients with thigh amputation were allowed to wear hydraulic uniaxial knee prosthesis and intelligent knee prosthesis with the same ankle joint, same foot plate and the same receptive cavity, respectively, and walk on the flat road simulated by Karen Rehabilitation System and the correlation data were recorded, and then gait was analyzed for patients to choose a more ideal knee type to find a reasonable clinical basis. Methods: Eight patients with thigh amputation were first asked to wear hydraulic uniaxial knee prosthesis for walking test, and then the intelligent knee prosthesis was replaced for walking test. Each walk intercepts a complete set of 25 marker points, including gait cycle analysis of the image on the dynamometer, recording time and spatial data. This experiment mainly takes the gait speed, step length, gait cycle and double support period as reference indicators, and carries out statistical analysis, and then finds out the most suitable prosthesis for patients. Results: The gait and stability of thigh amputation patients wearing intelligent knee prosthesis were better than those wearing hydraulic uniaxial knee prosthesis. After statistical treatment, there was significant difference (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Intelligent knee prosthesis can improve the stability and gait of patients with thigh amputation more effectively.