2005~2012年中国区域基于HRADC高分辨率资料同化数据的土壤温湿度和降水特征研究

Characters of Soil Temperature and Soil Moisture and Precipitation Based on HRADC High Resolution Data in Chinese Area from 2005 to 2012

摘要: 本文利用2005~2012年HRADC同化资料，采用区域平均的方法，对我国土壤温湿度与降水量的空间分布和随时间变化特征进行了分析，并进一步研究了西北、东北、江南的土壤温湿度与降水量的变化特征对比。研究结果表明：中国区域的土壤湿度从东南到西北呈三级梯级分布，土壤湿度不断减少；降水量的分布情况是从西北往东南方向不断增加，华南沿海地区降水最多；随着季节变化，浅层土壤温度变化非常大，深层土壤温度变化较小，深层土壤温度变化落后于浅层土壤的变化。土壤湿度与降水量的变化在不同区域体现各不相同，在中国西北区域，降水量对0~40 cm深的土壤湿度影响较大，对100 cm深的土壤湿度几乎没影响；在中国东北区域，降水量对0~20 cm深的土壤湿度影响很快，但是对40~100 cm深的土壤湿度影响很缓慢；在中国江南区域，降水量的变化与0~100 cm深的土壤湿度的变化同步。

Abstract: In this paper, using the HRADC assimilation data from 2005 to 2012, the spatial distribution and temporal variation characteristics of soil temperature, humidity and precipitation in China were analyzed by regional average method, and the soil temperature and humidity in northwest, northeast and south China and comparison of changes in precipitation were further studied. The results show that the soil moisture in China has a three-level cascade from southeast to northwest, and the soil moisture is decreasing. The distribution of precipitation is increasing from the northwest to the southeast, and the precipitation is the most in the coastal areas of southern China. The soil temperature of the layer changes very much, the temperature of the deep soil changes little, and the temperature change of the deep soil lags behind the change of the shallow soil. Changes in soil moisture and precipitation vary in different regions. In northwestern China, precipitation has a greater impact on soil moisture at 0 - 40 cm depth and has little effect on soil moisture at 100 cm depth; in northeastern China, precipitation has a rapid effect on soil moisture of 0 - 20 cm depth, but it has a slow effect on soil moisture of 40 - 100 cm depth. In the Jiangnan area of China, the change of precipitation is synchronized with the change of soil moisture of 0 - 100 cm depth.