历史主义科学哲学的心理学方法论蕴含

Historical Philosophy of Science to the Psychological Methodology

摘要: 20世纪50年代历史主义科学哲学在批判逻辑实证主义的过程中取得重大进展，主张将社会、历史、文化因素等科学以外的因素纳入科学研究中，力求建立科学的哲学，发现科学发展的规律，建立合理的科学演化模式。历史主义科学哲学揭示了心理科学的本质是人的事业，是非理性的事业，需要人的参与；心理学的发展是一个动态发展过程；心理学的发展史也应考察理论本身以及影响心理发展之因素的历史发展，这为心理学的理论构建打下坚实哲学基础，也对消解科学主义与人文主义之对立、改变当前心理学界实证研究极其细致丰富，而理论探索相对粗糙贫乏的局面以及促进心理学史的合理重建起到了极大的作用。

Abstract: In the 1950s, the philosophy of historical science made great progress in the process of criticizing logical positivism. It advocated the inclusion of factors other than science, such as social, historical and cultural factors, in scientific research, striving to establish a scientific philosophy, discovering the laws of scientific development, establishing a reasonable scientific evolution model. The philosophy of historical science reveals that the essence of psychology is the cause of man, which is irrational and needs human’s participation; the development of psychology is a dynamic process of development; the history of the development of psychology should also examine the theory itself and the historical development of factors affecting psychological development. The psychological methodology of historical science philosophy lays a solid philosophical foundation for the theoretical construction of psychology, playing a great role in dispelling the opposition between scientism and humanism, changing the current situation that psychological empirical research extremely meticulous and rich, while the relatively rough theoretical exploration and promoting the reasonable reconstruction of the history of psychology.