考虑网约车影响的网络均衡模型

Network Equilibrium Considering the Impact of Ride-Sourcing Services

摘要: 随着智能手机的广泛普及以及网约车市场的兴起，网约车服务已经成为了大众出行的重要交通方式。随着网约车市场的快速增长，网约车用户的出行将对路网中交通流的分配造成极大的影响，进而影响未来的交通规划。不同于传统的私家车出行，网约车司机的路径选择行为取决于用户的出行需求，因此，传统的私家车用户均衡模型并不适用于网约车。本文提出了一个新的数学模型来捕捉乘客需求对网约车司机的寻客策略和路径选择行为的影响，进而刻画出考虑网约车的路网均衡模型。该模型通过变分不等式进行描述，并通过一个简单的算例来突出其可行性和合理性。

Abstract: With the popularization of smartphones and the ride-sourcing market, ride-sourcing services have become a major transportation mode for the public. Undoubtedly, as the ride-sourcing market keeps growing, the operating behaviors of ride-sourcing vehicles will yield a great impact on the traffic flow distribution across road networks, and further impact future transportation planning. Different from the private passenger vehicles, the routing behaviors of ride-sourcing vehicles are heavily affected by the travel demand of ride-sourcing customers. As a result, the traditional network equilibrium model cannot be directly applied to the ride-sourcing vehicles. In this study, a variational inequality model is developed to capture the impact of travel demands on ride-sourcing vehicles’ searching and routing choices, and further to delineate the resultant network equilibrium flow distribution. Numerical examples are conducted to demonstrate the viability and the performance of the proposed model.