渤海湾与陆地降水特征差异的统计分析

Statistical Analysis of the Characteristics Difference of Rainfall over Bohai Bay and the Land

摘要: 利用1988~2015年渤海湾埕北油田A平台、塘沽和西青气象观测站的降水资料，对比分析了渤海湾与陆地(沿岸、内陆)降水量、降水日数的气候特征和变化趋势，以及夏季降水的日变化规律。分析结果表明：近30年来渤海湾年降水量、降水日数与陆地相比均偏少。渤海湾与沿岸年降水量和降水日数呈线性上升趋势，内陆呈线性下降趋势。渤海湾季降水量、降水日数与陆地相比偏少，且季节分布特征相同，降水量和日数以夏季最多，春季和秋季次之，冬季最少。夏季一日内降水变化特征存在差异，渤海湾与沿岸逐小时降水量和频次高值区集中在夜间至早上时段，而内陆高值区集中在午后至前半夜时段；渤海湾日降水变化特征与陆地相比存在明显的滞后性。

Abstract: Using precipitation observed data from 1988 to 2015 from Platform A of Chengbei Oilfield over Bohai Bay and Tanggu and Xiqing observation stations, the climatic characteristic and changing trend of rainfall amount and rainfall days and diurnal variation of summer rainfall events over Bohai Bay and the land (coast and inland ) were analyzed. The results show that the annual rainfall amount and rainfall days of Bohai Bay are less than the land in nearly 30 years. The annual rainfall amount and rainfall days of Bohai Bay and coast appear linear upward trend, while inland appearing linear downward trend. The seasonal rainfall amount and rainfall days of Bohai Bay are also less than the land, while seasonal distribution characteristic is the same. Compared with other seasons, the rainfall amount and days in summer are the most, followed by spring and autumn, and winter is the least. The diurnal variation of rainfall in summer is different between Bohai Bay and the land. The high value area of rainfall amount and frequency of Bohai Bay and coast concentrates on the period from night to morning. However, the high value period of rainfall amount and frequency of inland is from afternoon to fore midnight. The diurnal precipitation variation of Bohai Bay lags behind that of inland obviously.