中国大学生写作中母语对英语词汇搭配的词汇迁移现象

Lexical Transfer from Chinese to English in Terms of Collocation for Chinese University Students

摘要: 词汇搭配在语言学习中起着重要的作用。然而对于语言学习者来说很难正确使用或像母语者那样使用词汇搭配，这进一步阻碍了学习者听说读写等语言技能的提高。产生错误的其中一个原因是词汇迁移，这意味着语言学习者将母语的元素迁移到所学第二语言中的元素。本研究以52篇中国大学生英语作文为研究对象，首先采用定量的方法，分析了词汇搭配错误的频率和词汇搭配错误的种类。另外，定性地分析了由于词汇迁移所带来的词汇搭配错误。整个过程中，词汇搭配错误的提取和检查全部基于在线语料库的帮助下进行。中国学习者使用搭配错误的频率较高，词汇迁移是最主要的原因。研究结果表明，中国大学生词汇搭配错误频率较高，且大多受母语的词汇迁移所影响，为语言教学提供了新思路。

Abstract: Collocation plays an important role in language learning for language learners. However, difficulties are usually found in using collocations correctly or like a native speaker for language learners, which further obstructs the learners in their language skills, such as writing, reading, listening and speaking. One of the reasons for the collocation errors is the lexical transfer from L1 to L2, which means the language learners transfer the elements of their native language onto that of the learned language in the collocations. In this research, 52 English writings from Chinese university students are collected to investigate the number of collocation errors and errors for each collocation type in a quantitative method. Qualitatively, collocation errors which are possibly judged to be due to the lexical transfer are discussed by examples. Furthermore, as a corpus-based study, the process of picking up and checking collocation errors are under the assistance of online corpora. The main finding points out that there might be a high error frequency for Chinese learners to use collocation, and lexical transfer accounts for the most reason. The research findings benefit both language teachers and language learners.