泰湖夏季浮游生物群落结构特征及其与环境因子的关系

The Plankton Community Structure of TaiLake and Its Relationship with Environmental Factors in Summer

摘要: 2018年7月28日至29日，采用内陆水域大面积定点调查方法，选择有代表性水生生物调查和监测点，对泰湖国家湿地公园进行采样，经过镜检，泰湖国家湿地公园共鉴出浮游植物6门41种及变种，其中绿藻门种数最多22种，占53.66%；硅藻门次之，11种，占26.83%；蓝藻门4种，占9.76%；裸藻门2种，占4.88%；金藻门1种，隐藻门1种，各占2.44%。鉴定出浮游动物52种，其中原生动物7属10种，占浮游动物总种数的19.23%；轮虫14属26种，占50%，枝角类5属9种，占17.31%，桡足类5属7种，占13.46%。浮游植物的丰度波动于465.6 × 10⁴~2408.4 × 10⁴ ind./L之间，生物量在0.37~7.45 mg/L之间。浮游动物的丰度波动于160.5~52,711.5 ind./L之间，生物量全年在0.26~18.46 mg/L之间。根据溶解氧、水体透明度、高锰酸盐指数、总磷、总氮和重金属等理化指标、浮游生物丰度对泰湖水质状况进行水质综合评价。冗余分析(RDA)表明，夏季浮游植物群落主要受水体pH值，TP，NH₄⁺ ，NO₃^- 等环境因子的影响。

Abstract: From 28 to 29 July 2018, a large-scale fixed-point survey of inland waters was conducted, as well as a representative aquatic biological survey and monitoring points were selected to collect samples from the Tai Lake National Wetland Park. After a microscopic examination, a total of 6 categories 41 species and its varieties of phytoplankton were identified in Tai Lake National Wetland Park, including 22 species of chlorophyta, accounting for 53.66%; diatoms, 11 species, accounting for 26.83 percent; cyanobacteria Phylum 4 species, accounting for 9.76%; 2 species of naked algae Phylum, accounting for 4.88%; 1 species of gold algae Phylum, 1 species of hidden algae, accounting for 2.44% respectively. 52 species of zooplankton were identified, including 7 genera and 10 species of protozoa, accounting for 19.23% of the total number of zooplankton species; 14 genera and 26 species of Rotifers, accounting for 50%, 5 genera and 9 species of cladocerans, accounting for 17.31%, and 5 genera and 7 species of copepoda, accounting for 13.46%. The abundance of phytoplankton fluctuated from 465.6 × 10⁴ ind./L to 2408.4 × 10⁴ ind./L, and biomass was between 0.37 mg/L and 7.45 mg/L. The abundance of zooplankton fluctuated from 160.5 ind./L to 52,711.5 ind./L, and biomass was between 0.26 mg/L and 18.46 mg/L throughout the year. According to the physical and chemical index such as dissolved oxygen, water transparency, permanganate index, total phosphorus, total nitrogen and heavy metal, the water quality of TaiLake was comprehensively evaluated according to the buoyancy and the abundance of plankton organisms. Redundancy analysis (RDA) shows that summer phytoplankton communities are mainly affected by pH, TP,NH₄⁺ ，NO₃^- ,   of water and other environmental factors.