分析及抑制永磁同步电机电磁噪声方法综述
A Survey of Vibration Noise Analysis and Suppression Methods for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors
DOI: 10.12677/JEE.2019.74021, PDF,   
作者: 王文斌, 张 欣, 宋子晗, 韩 瑜, 徐浩月：天津工业大学的天津市电工电能新技术重点实验室，天津
关键词: 磁致伸缩力；振动抑制；电磁力；电机降噪；Magnetostrictive Force； Vibration Suppression； Electromagnetic Force； Motor Noise Reduction
摘要: 随着人们对于舒适度的追求，多种电气设备的低噪声设计成为了研究热点，由于电机在电气设备中的广泛应用，比如电动汽车，大型机械等，所以对于电机振动噪声的研究才是我们在电机设计和应用中亟待解决的重要问题之一。电机振动噪声主要是声学噪声，机械噪声和电磁噪声，其中电磁噪声是主要噪声来源，而电磁噪声主要是由麦克斯韦力和磁致伸缩力引起。本文首先分析了电机电磁噪声的产生原因，以及如何分析和计算噪声的方法；然后分别从引起电磁噪声的电磁力和谐波等角度分析国内外对其进行噪声抑制和消除的多种有效方法和发展现状。主要是针对电机定转子的结构优化设计以及控制谐波分量，以及减小磁致伸缩力对电机振动的影响，并讲述了一些电机电磁-机械耦合模型和数值计算方法。对后续进行噪声抑制的研究指明方向。最后也总结出了目前研究的不足以及未来需要进一步研究的主要内容，为后续对抑制电机噪声的研究提供参考。
Abstract: With people’s pursuit of comfort, low noise design of many kinds of electrical equipment has be-come a research hotspot. Because motor is widely used in electrical equipment, such as electric vehicles, large machinery, etc., the study of motor vibration and noise is one of the important problems that we need to solve urgently in motor design and application. Motor vibration noise is mainly acoustic noise, mechanical noise and electromagnetic noise, in which electromagnetic noise is the main source of noise, and electromagnetic noise is mainly caused by Maxwell force and magnetostrictive force. The noise of electromagnetic vibration is mainly caused by Maxwell force and magnetostrictive force. Firstly, this paper analyses the causes of electromagnetic noise of motor, and how to analyze and calculate the method of noise. Then, from the angle of electromagnetic force and harmonics which cause electromagnetic noise, it analyses various effective methods and development status of noise suppression and elimination at home and abroad. In order to reduce the influence of magnetostrictive force on motor vibration, the structure optimization design of motor stator and rotor and the control of harmonic components are mainly discussed. Some electromagnetic-mechanical coupling models and numerical calculation methods of motor are also described. The direction of future research on noise suppression is pointed out. Finally, the shortcomings of current research and the main contents of future research are summarized to provide reference for the follow-up research on suppressing motor noise.
文章引用：王文斌, 张欣, 宋子晗, 韩瑜, 徐浩月. 分析及抑制永磁同步电机电磁噪声方法综述[J]. 电气工程, 2019, 7(4): 171-179. https://doi.org/10.12677/JEE.2019.74021

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