大学生择业乐观偏差问卷的编制

The Development of Undergraduate Students’ Optimism Bias in Career Choice Questionnaire

摘要: 目的：编制大学生择业乐观偏差问卷，并检验其信效度。方法：通过查阅文献与问卷调查形成问卷，向543名被试发放问卷，回收有效问卷524份，数据用于问卷的项目分析、信度分析和探索性因素分析；向270名被试发放问卷，回收有效问卷249份，数据用于问卷的验证性因素分析。结果：大学生择业乐观偏差问卷包含10个项目，由积极事件与消极事件两个因子构成，两个因子共解释问卷总变异的49.928%；验证性因素分析显示问卷具有良好的结构效度(X2/df = 1.436, CFI = 0.934, TFI = 0.913, RMSEA = 0.042, SRMR = 0.044)；总问卷的Cronbach’s α系数为0.721，积极事件与消极事件两个因子上的Cronbach‘s α系数分别为0.795、0.736。结论：大学生择业乐观偏差问卷的信效度良好，质量水平达到心理测量学的使用要求。

Abstract: Objective: To compile a questionnaire on optimism bias in career choice of undergraduate stu-dents and test its reliability and validity. Methods: Initial questionnaires were formed by consulting literature and questionnaire survey, and 524 valid questionnaires were collected from 543 subjects. The data were used for item analysis, reliability analysis and exploratory factor analysis of the questionnaires, and 249 valid questionnaires were collected from 270 subjects. The data were used for confirmatory factor analysis of the questionnaires. Results: The questionnaire contains 10 items, which are composed of positive and negative events. The two factors explain 49.928% of the total variance of the questionnaire. The confirmatory factor analysis shows that the questionnaire has good structural validity (X2/df = 1.436, CFI = 0.934, TFI = 0.913, RMSEA = 0.042, SRMR = 0.044). The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of the total questionnaire is 0.721, and the Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of positive and negative events are 0.795 and 0.736, respectively. Conclusion: The reliability and validity of the questionnaire are good, and its quality level meets the requirements of psychometrics.