RNA沉默拮抗类病毒
RNA Silencing Antagonizes Viroid
DOI: 10.12677/BR.2020.91002, PDF,   
作者: 康相鹏：杭州师范大学生命与环境科学学院RNA信号传导研究中心，浙江 杭州
关键词: RNA沉默；类病毒；RNA沉默复合体；Dicer；小RNA分子；RNA Silencing； Viroid； RNA Induced Silencing Complex (RISC)； Dicer； Small RNA
摘要: RNA沉默在植物对抗外源性病源入侵，尤其是病毒入侵的过程中具有重要作用，当外源RNA或病毒进入植物细胞时，RNA沉默被激活，从而把外源病原性RNA和病毒等对细胞的影响降到最低程度。类病毒这种非编码RNA由于其特殊的结构，为研究RNA沉默和非编码RNA在植物中的互作提供了绝佳的模型。
Abstract: RNA silencing plays an important role in plant against pathogens invasion, especially in the process of viral infection. When exogenous RNA or viruses enter plant cells, RNA silencing is activated, thereby minimizing any detrimental effects of pathogenic RNAs on cells. Viroid, a special kind of non-coding RNA, due to its special structures, provides an excellent and extraordinary model for studying the interplay between RNA silencing and pathogenic RNAs in cells.
文章引用：康相鹏. RNA沉默拮抗类病毒[J]. 植物学研究, 2020, 9(1): 15-24. https://doi.org/10.12677/BR.2020.91002

参考文献

[1] 王永, 陈锐, 朱珠, 兰青阔, 赵新. 真菌RNA沉默研究进展[J]. 天津农业科学, 2014, 20(5): 5-13.
[2] Li, F. and Ding, S.-W. (2006) Virus Counter Defense: Diverse Strategies for Evading the RNA-Silencing Immunity. Annual Review of Microbiology, 60, 503-531. https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev.micro.60.080805.142205 [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[3] Qin, C., Li, B., Fan, Y.-Y., Zhang, X., Yu, Z.-M., Ryabov, E., Zhao, M., Wang, H., Shi, N.-N., Zhang, P.-C., Jackson, S., Tör, M., Cheng, Q., Liu, Y.-L., Gallusci, P. and Hong, Y.-G. (2017) Roles of Dicer-Like Proteins 2 and 4 in Intra- and Intercellular Antiviral Silencing. Plant Physiology, 174, 1067-1081. http://www.plantphysiol.org/content/plantphysiol/174/2/1067 [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[4] Jones, R.M.W., Bartel, D.P. and Bartel, B. (2006) MicroRNAs and Their Regulatory Roles in Plants. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 57, 19-53. https://www.sdbonline.org/sites/2008ShortCourse/Rhoades_review.pdf [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[5] Jose, A.-D. (2016) Eggplant Latent Viroid: A Friendly Experimental System in the Family Avsunviroidae. Molecular Plant Pathology, 17, 1170-1177. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26696449 [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[6] Martinez, F., Marques, J., Salvador, M.L. and Daròs, J.A. (2009) Mutational Analysis of Eggplant Latent Viroid RNA Processing in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Chloroplast. Journal of General Virology, 90, 3057-3065. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/26736586_Mutational_analysis_of_eggplant_latent_viroid_RNA_processing_in_Chlamydomonas_reinhardtii_chloroplast [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[7] Anna, G.-S. (2004) Viroids: Unusual Small Pathogenic RNAs. Acta Biochimica, 51, 587-607. http://www.actabp.pl/pdf/3_2004/587.pdf [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[8] Zhang, X., Lai, T.-F., Zhang, P.-C., Zhang, X.-L., Yuan, C., Jin, Z.-H., Li, H.-M., Yu, Z.-M., Qin, C., Tör, M., Ma, P., Cheng, Q. and Hong, Y.-G. (2019) Mini Review: Revisiting Mobile RNA Silencing in Plants. Plant Science, 278, 113-117. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016894521830640X [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[9] David, B. (2004) RNA Silencing in Plants. Nature, 431, 356-363. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016894521830640X [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[10] Sarkies, P. and Miska, E.A. (2014) Small RNAs Break out: The Molecular Cell Biology of Mobile Small RNAs. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, 15, 525-535. https://www.nature.com/articles/nrm3840 [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[11] 曹雪松, 田野. 植物基因沉默的研究进展[J]. 聊城大学学报(自然科学版), 2010, 23(1): 45-48.
[12] 陈大元, 张利生. RNA干涉及其应用前景[J]. 遗传, 2003, 25(3): 341-344.
[13] Bender, J. (2001) A Vicious Cycle: RNA Silencing and DNA Methylation in Plants. Cell, 106, 129-132. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/82155567.pdf [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[14] Napoli, C., Lemieux, C. and Jorgensen, R. (1990) Introduction of a Chimeric Chalcone Synthase Gene into Petunia Results in Reversible Co-Suppression of Homologous Genes in Trans. The Plant Cell, 2, 279-289. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC159885/pdf/020279.pdf [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[15] 王健伟, 宋敬东, 吴围屏, 韩金祥, 洪涛. RNA干扰机制的研究进展[J]. 生物技术通讯, 2006, 17(3): 409-411.
[16] 韩婧. 基因沉默及克服策略[J]. 沧州师范学院学报, 2006(4): 54-55.
[17] Aliyari, R. and Ding, S.-W. (2009) RNA-Based Viral Immunity Initiated by the Dicer Family of Host Immune Receptors. Immunological Reviews, 227, 176-188. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2676720/pdf/nihms-106453 [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[18] Chen, W.-W., Zhang, X., Fan, Y.-Y., Ryabov, E., Shi, N.-N., Zhao, M., Yu, Z.-M., Qin, C., Zheng, Q.-Q., Zhang, P.-C., Wang, H.-Z., Jackson, S., Cheng, Q., Liu, Y.-L., Gallusci, P. and Hong, Y.-G. (2018) A Genetic Network for Systemic RNA Silencing in Plants. Plant Physiology, 176, 2700-2719. http://www.plantphysiol.org/content/176/4/2700 [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[19] 黄迪南, 崔世权, 侯敢. siRNA诱导基因沉默复合物(RISC)的研究[J]. 基因组学与应用生物学, 2017, 36(7): 2799-2803.
[20] Nakanishi, K., Weinberg, D.E., Bartel, D.P. and Patel, D.J. (2012) Structure of Yeast Argonaute with Guide RNA. Nature, 486, 368-374. https://www.nature.com/articles/nature11211 [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[21] Kuhn, C.D. and Joshua-Tor, L. (2013) Eukaryotic Argonautes Come into Focus. Trends in Biochemical Sciences, 38, 263-271. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23541793 [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[22] Swarts, D.C., Makarova, K., Wang, Y.L., Nakanishi, K., Ketting, R.F., Koonin, E.V., Patel, D.J. and John, V.D.O. (2014) The Evolutionary Journey of Argonaute Proteins. Nature Structural & Molecular Biology, 21, 743-753. https://www.nature.com/articles/nsmb.2879.pdf [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[23] 杜立新, 燕飞, 宋雪梅. RNA诱导沉默复合体中的生物大分子及其装配[J]. 遗传, 2006, 28(6): 761-766.
[24] Williams, R.W. and Rubin, G.M. (2002) Argonaute1 Is Required for Efficient RNA Interference in Drosophila Embryos. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 99, 6889-6894. https://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/99/10/6889.full.pdf [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[25] 章涛, 陈代雄. RNA诱导沉默复合体(RISC)功能研究进展[J]. 遵义医学院学报, 2006, 29(2): 184-187.
[26] 李毅, 蒋琳, 魏春红. 病毒基因沉默抑制子及其作用机制[J]. 中国科学: 生命科学, 2012, 42(1): 16-28.
[27] 张飞云, 王法军, 梁越. 植物病毒沉默抑制因子研究进展[J]. 生物技术通报, 2009(2): 1-5.
[28] Gómez, G. and Pallás, V. (2010) Noncoding RNA Mediated Traffic of Foreign mRNA into Chloroplasts Reveals a Novel Signaling Mechanism in Plants. PLoS ONE, 5, 1517-1519. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.4161/psb.5.11.13711?scroll=top&needAccess=true [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[29] Molina, S.D., Suay, L., Salvador, M.L., Flores, R. and Daròs, J.A. (2007) Processing of RNAs of the Family Avsunviroidae in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Chloroplasts. Journal of Virology, 81, 4363-4366. https://jvi.asm.org/content/jvi/81/8/4363 [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[30] Gustavo, G. and Pallás, V. (2012) A Pathogenic Non Coding RNA That Replicates and Accumulates in Chloroplasts Traffics to This Organelle through a Nuclear-Dependent Step. Plant Signaling & Behavior, 7, 882-884. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3583980 [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[31] Landry, P. and Perreault, J.P. (2005) Identification of a Peach Latent Mosaic Viroid Hairpin Able to Act as a Dicer-Like Substrate. Journal of Virology, 79, 6540-6543. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[32] 黄家风, 许文博. 植物类病毒研究进展[J]. 石河子大学学报(自然科学版), 2007, 25(3): 18-23.
[33] Nohales, M.A., Molina, S.D., Flores, R. and Daròs, J.A. (2012) Involvement of the Chloroplastic Isoform of tRNA Ligase in the Replication of Viroids Belonging to the Family Avsunviroidae. Journal of Virology, 86, 8269-8276. https://jvi.asm.org/content/jvi/early/2012/05/16/JVI.00629-12.full.pdf [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[34] Gómez, G. and Pallás, V. (2012) Studies on Subcellular Compartmentalization of Plant Pathogenic Noncoding RNAs Give New Insights into the Intracellular RNA-Traffic Mechanisms. Plant Physiology, 7, 882-884. http://www.plantphysiol.org/content/159/2/558 [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[35] Ding, B. (2009) The Biology of Viroid-Host Interactions. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 47, 105-131. https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev-phyto-080508-081927 [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[36] Ding, B. and Itaya, A. (2007) Viroid: A Useful Model for Studying the Basic Principles of Infection and RNA Biology. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, 20, 7-20. https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/10.1094/MPMI-20-0007 [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] 
[37] Flores, R., Hernández, C., Alba, A.E., Mde, Daròs, J.A. and Serio, F.D. (2005) Viroids and Viroid-Host Interactions. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 43, 117-139. https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/full/10.1146/annurev.phyto.43.040204.140243 [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[38] Tabler, M. and Tsagris, M. (2004) Viroids: Petite RNA Pathogens with Distinguished Talents. Trends in Plant Science, 9, 339-348. https://cals.arizona.edu/mycoherb/arnoldlab/teaching/2011%20stuff/Viroids.pdf [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[39] Csorba, T., Kontra, L. and Burgyán, J. (2015) Viral Silencing Suppressors: Tools Forged to Fine-Tune Host-Pathogen Coexistence. Virology, 479, 85-103. http://real.mtak.hu/26668/1/2015_VSR_Virology.pdf [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]