短时间座椅静态舒适性主观评价研究

Research on the Subjective Evaluation of Seat Short-Term Static Comfort

摘要: 座椅舒适性设计中整椅各部位的软硬度对舒适性影响很大。实用中常常直接针对座椅舒适度进行评估，而各部位软硬度对人体舒适度影响、以及二者的数量关系却少有研究；然而，这却是座椅设计所希望明确的。研究表明：短时间舒适性对于中长时间舒适性有很大的贡献，且短时间舒适性研究能在采用大样本的情况下节省实验成本。对五款轿车座椅的软硬度和短时间舒适性进行了主观评价实验研究，设计了主观评价实验问卷，招募了被试人员，设计了实验方案，通过实验的实施收集到主观评价数据，并进行了统计分析，包括座椅和人体各分区的得分分布和平均得分、综合得分、软硬度倾向等。结果还显示了座椅软硬度得分与人体舒适度得分很好的一致性；研究了软硬度对舒适度的影响。

Abstract: The hardness of the seat regions has great impact on seat comfort in the seat comfort design. In application, direct evaluation of seat is usually adopted, and few study cover the influence of the hardness of seat regions on seat comfort and the quantitative relationship between them, which is wished to be known in the seat design. Studies show that short-term comfort contributes a great extent to the medium- and long-term comfort. And by short-term comfort study, test cost can be saved when adopting high volume test subjects. Subjective evaluation tests were conducted about the hardness and short-term comfort of five sedan seats. The questionnaires were designed. The test subjects were recruited. The test arrangements were designed. The test data were collected and statistically analyzed. The frequency of scores about the hardness and the body region comfort were analyzed, from which the hardness tendency could be observed. The average and the total score of the hardness and the comfort were computed. The results show perfect accordance of the hardness scores of the seat with the comfort scores of the human body. Finally, the relationship between the hardness score and the comfort score was analyzed quantitatively.