焦虑对于女性首次甲基苯丙胺成瘾者复吸倾向的影响

Effects of Anxiety on the Relapse of Female Women’s First Ice Drug Addicts Detoxification

摘要: 背景：新型毒品之一的冰毒即甲基苯丙胺是目前在世界范围内被广泛滥用的合成毒品，复吸是毒品成瘾的典型特征，是治疗毒品成瘾需要面临的主要问题，因此，合成毒品如何有效戒断成为广大戒毒工作者研究的主要方向。毒品依赖患者的复吸与患者的年龄、心理因素、社会因素具有重要关系。目的：考察焦虑对于女性首次甲基苯丙胺成瘾者复吸倾向的影响，以及首吸年龄在其中的调节作用。方法：采用整群抽样法，选取某女子强制戒毒所首次强制戒除冰毒毒瘾女性205人为研究对象，所有被试完成《7项广泛性焦虑量表(GAD-7)》、《毒品复吸高危量表》以及一般人口学资料调查表。采用SPSS 19.0软件录入数据并进行统计学分析。结果：7项广泛性焦虑量表(GAD-7)评分与含无助感的负面情绪分量表评分以及毒品复吸高危量表总得分均呈正相关(r = 0.48, 0.29, P < 0.001)，首吸年龄与强迫性、孤独无聊分量表评分均呈负相关(r = −0.14、−0.06, P < 0.05)。分层多元线性回归分析显示，焦虑可以显著预测毒品复吸高危量表得分(β = 0.28, t=4.19, P < 0.001)，首吸年龄在焦虑与毒品复吸高危量表得分间具有负向调节作用(r = −0.14, P < 0.05)。结论：焦虑可以显著预测女性首次甲基苯丙胺成瘾者复吸倾向，而首吸年龄在焦虑与复吸倾向的关系中发挥负向调节作用。

Abstract: Background: Methamphetamine, one of the new drugs, is a synthetic drug that is widely abused around the world. Relapse is a typical feature of drug addiction, and it is the main problem to be treated in drug addiction. Therefore, how to effectively withdraw synthetic drugs has become the main research direction of the majority of drug treatment workers. The relapse of drug dependent patients has an important relationship with their age, psychological and social factors. Objective: The aim is to investigate the relationship of anxiety and the relapse tendency of female with ice addicts who take detoxification for the first time, and to explore the role of the first drug taking age in the relationship. Methods: With cluster sampling method, a total of 205 female ice drug addicts who were the first time to take detoxification were selected as subjects. All the participants completed Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) scale and Drug Relapse Risk Scale, and the self-made general demographic information questionnaire. SPSS 19 software was used to input and analyze the data. Results: The generalized anxiety disorder-7 (GAD-7) score was positively correlated with the scores of negative emotion subscale scores and the total scores of drug relapse (r = 0.48, 0.29, P < 0.001). There was a negative correlation between the age of first drug use and compulsive, loneliness and boredom subscale scores (r = −0.14, −0.06, P < 0.05). Hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis showed that anxiety can significantly predict drug relapse risk scores (β = 0.28, t = 4.19, P < 0.001). The age of first drug use had a negative moderating effect between anxiety and drug relapse risk score (r = −0.14, P < 0.05). Conclusion: Anxiety can significantly predict the relapse tendency of females with ice addicts who take detoxification for the first time, and the first drug taking age plays a negative role in the relationship between anxiety and relapse tendency.