四川花椒主要栽培区病害调查研究

Investigation on Diseases of Zanthoxylum bungeanum in Sichuan Province

摘要: 本文采用踏查和专项调查方法研究了四川5个花椒主要栽培区县的病害种类、症状及其发生特点，结果表明，花椒的主要病害有9种，新发现一种花椒植原体病害，其中叶部病害发生面积较广，发病率较高，危害较为严重；干部病害和根部病害范围较小，虽然每个区县均有发生，但是呈零星分布态势，未发现果实病害；纯椒林病害重于房前屋后及四旁地花椒。缺乏管理、杂草丛生的椒园发病程度较高，因此重视椒园的生境管理，定时清园、定时进行杂草清理的方式有利于控制花椒病害的发生。

Abstract: In this paper, the disease types, symptoms and occurrence characteristics of five main cultivated areas and counties of Zanthoxylum bungeanum in Sichuan were studied by means of route survey and sample-plot survey. The results showed that there were 9 main diseases of Zanthoxylum bungeanum, and a new phytophthora disease of Zanthoxylus przewalskii was found, in which the leaf disease occurred in a wide area, the incidence rate was higher, and the harm was more serious. The scope of cadre disease and the root disease is small, although each district and county have the occurrence, present the sporadic distribution situation, have not discovered the fruit disease; No fruit diseases were found. The disease of pure pepper forest is more serious than that of pepper in front of house and on all sides of the house. Lack of management, weed overgrown pepper orchard has a higher incidence of disease. Therefore, attention should be paid to the habitat management of the pepper garden, and the timing of clearing the garden, which is beneficial to control the occurrence of pepper diseases.