换填垫层的优化设计

Optimum Design of Replacement Cushion

摘要: 规范中关于换填垫层的设计形式在施工过程中需要施工单位放坡处理，造成实际换填材料超过了设计量，施工单位为了避免换填料超量及增加工作量，便减小垫层底部宽度，其往往不符合压力扩散角的要求，存在安全隐患，针对此问题，提出了便于施工的优化设计形式。结合实际工程，采用对比的研究方法，将规范法设计形式和优化设计形式从受力性能、施工方便性及换填材料计量准确性三个方面做了对比分析，研究表明优化设计形式不仅符合受力要求，而且便于施工、计量，供设计、施工参考。

Abstract: The design form of the replacement cushion in the code shall be sloped by the construction unit during the construction process. In order to avoid overfilling and increase the workload, the construction unit will reduce the width of the cushion bottom, which often does not meet the re-quirements of pressure diffusion angle, and there are potential safety hazards. In view of this problem, this paper puts forward an optimal design form which is convenient for construction. Combined with practical engineering, the design form of code method and the optimal design form are compared and analyzed from three aspects: mechanical performance, construction convenience and measurement accuracy of replacement materials. The study shows that the optimal design form not only meets the requirements of stress, but also is convenient for construction and measurement, providing reference for design and construction.