大学生自闭特质的现状调查及特征分析

Investigation and Analysis of the Characteristics of College Students with Autistic Traits

摘要: 为探索大学生自闭特质的现状及其特征，采用中文版自闭症谱系商数问卷对956名大学生进行自闭特质现状调查。调查发现：(1) 大学生自闭特质的状况不容乐观，阳性检出率为4.7%，高于美国疾病控制和预防中心的数据1.47%；(2) 大学生的自闭特质在专业、年龄、性别、家庭所在地、父母社会经济地位上存在不同程度的差异；(3) 以高低自闭特质为因变量，运用二元logistic回归分析发现，专业、年龄、性别、家庭所在地、父母社会经济地位可解释自闭特质24.5%的变异量，但本研究中没有变量能显著预测高低自闭特质。大学生自闭特质的现状应该引起大学生、家长、学校及社会各界的重视，未来的研究应该继续探讨影响自闭特质的因素，加强对自闭特质的研究和干预，以期提高大学生的生活质量。

Abstract: In order to explore the status and characteristics of autistic traits in college students, the Chinese version of the Autism-Spectrum Quotient was used to investigate the status of autistic traits in 956 college students. The survey found that: (1) the status of autistic traits of college students was not optimistic, the positive rate was 4.7%, which was higher than that of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (1.47%); (2) the autistic traits of college students were different in major, age, sex, family location and parents' socio-economic status; (3) taking high and low autistic traits as dependent variables, binary logistic regression analysis showed that major, age, sex and the socio-economic status of parents can explain 24.5% of the variation of autistic traits, but no variables in this study can significantly predict the high and low autistic traits. The current situation of college students’ autistic characteristics should arouse the attention of college students, parents, schools and all sectors of society, and future research should continue to explore the factors that affect the characteristics of autism, strengthen the research and intervention on the characteristics of autism, in order to improve the quality of life of college students.