基于HEC-RAS的胖头泡蓄滞洪区洪水模拟与灾损评估
Flood Simulation and Disaster Loss Assessment of Flood Storage and Detention Areas Based on HEC-RAS
DOI: 10.12677/JWRR.2020.91005, PDF,  被引量    国家自然科学基金支持
作者: 吴 仪：大连理工大学水利工程学院，辽宁 大连；广西大学土木建筑工程学院，广西 南宁；王运涛, 伏广涛：大连理工大学水利工程学院，辽宁 大连；杨云川：广西大学土木建筑工程学院，广西 南宁；王 静：中国市政工程华北设计研究总院有限公司重庆分公司，重庆
关键词: HEC-RAS模型；蓄滞洪区；洪水模拟；洪灾损失评估；HEC-RAS Model； Flood Storage and Detention Area； Flood Simulation； Flood Damage Loss Assessment
摘要: 近年来，我国洪水灾害频繁发生并造成巨大的人员伤亡和财产损失。洪水模拟有助于洪水风险管理，降低洪水灾害损失。本文基于90 m精度的DEM及HEC-RAS模型的2D模块构建了松花江流域胖头泡蓄滞洪区的洪水模拟模型，并根据模拟结果统计分析并评估洪灾损失。模拟结果显示在1956、1960、1969以及1998年四个典型洪水过程下，胖头泡蓄滞洪区的淹没面积分别为792.68 km2、740.29 km2、800.87 km2、796.01 km2。其中，当发生与1969年典型洪水过程相同的洪水时，胖头泡蓄滞洪区的损失最为严重，即受灾人口8.75万人，受灾耕地面积223.99 km2，受影响GDP为20.61亿元；义顺蒙古乡、民意乡、新站镇、浩德乡为蓄滞洪区内受灾较严重的乡镇，并且水深大部分分布在4.0 m以上。研究表明HEC-RAS模型的模拟效率高、操作方便，可用于蓄滞洪区的洪水模拟。研究成果可为当地的防洪预警发布、风险规避、人员转移等管理工作提供参考。
Abstract: In recent years, floods occurred frequently and caused huge casualties and property losses in China. Flood simulation is profound for flood risk management, which could help reduce flood disaster losses. Based on DEM with 90 m accuracy and 2D module of HEC-RAS model, the flood simulation model of the Pangtoupao storage and detention area in the Songhua river basin was built. According to the simulation results, statistical analysis and evaluation of flood losses were carried out in this study. Under the four typical floods of 1956, 1960, 1969 and 1998, the flooded areas of the Pangtoupao storage and detention areas are 792.68 km2, 740.29 km2, 800.87 km2 and 796.01 km2, respectively. Compared to the other three typical floods, the Pangtoupao storage and detention area suffers the most serious flood losses from the typical 1969 flood process, which led to the influence on 87,500 people, flooded land area of 223.99 km2 and GDP losses of 2.061 billion yuan. Townships of Yishun, Minyi, Xinzhan and Haode are badly affected by the typical disaster of 1969, and most of the water depths are above 4.0 m. The results obtained in this study show that HEC-RAS model can be used for flood simulation in flood storage and detention areas with high efficiency and convenient operation. The research results can also provide a reference for the local early flood warning, risk avoidance, personnel transfer and other management works.
文章引用：吴仪, 王运涛, 杨云川, 王静, 刘海星, 伏广涛. 基于HEC-RAS的胖头泡蓄滞洪区洪水模拟与灾损评估[J]. 水资源研究, 2020, 9(1): 42-51. https://doi.org/10.12677/JWRR.2020.91005

参考文献

[1] 王晓磊, 韩会玲, 李洪晶. 宁晋泊和大陆泽蓄滞洪区洪水淹没历时及洪水风险分析[J]. 水电能源科学, 2013, 31(8): 59-62. WANG Xiaolei, HAN Huiling and LI Hongjing. Flood risk and duration analysis of Ningjinbo and Daluze flood storage detention district. Water Resources and Power, 2013, 31(8): 59-62. (in Chinese)
[2] 艾小榆, 刘霞, 徐辉荣, 等. 基于MIKE FLOOD模型的潖江蓄滞洪区调度运用方案研究[J]. 水利水电技术, 2017, 48(12): 125-131. AI Xiaoyu, LIU Xia, XU Huirong, et al. MIKE FLOOD model-based study on operation scheme of Pajiang River flood storage and detention area. Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering, 2017, 48(12): 125-131. (in Chinese)
[3] 刘南江, 费伟. 2018年全国自然灾害基本情况分析[J]. 中国减灾, 2019(5): 14-17. LIU Nanjiang, FEI Wei. Analysis on the basic situation of natural disasters in 2018. Disaster Reduction in China, 2019(5): 14-17. (in Chinese)
[4] 段扬, 廖卫红, 杨倩, 等. 基于EFDC模型的蓄滞洪区洪水演进数值模拟[J]. 南水北调与水利科技, 2014, 12(5): 160-165. DUAN Yang, LIAO Weihong, YANG Qian, et al. Numerical simulation of flood routing in flood detention basin based on EFDC model. South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science & Technology, 2014, 12(5): 160-165. (in Chinese)
[5] 郭凤清, 曾辉, 丛沛桐, 等. 潖江蓄滞洪区洪灾风险分析及避难转移安置研究[J]. 灾害学, 2013, 28(3): 85-90. GUO Fengqing, ZENG Hui, CONG Peitong, et al. Risk analysis and research on evacuation to relocate of flood detention Area in Pajiang River. Journal of Catastrophology, 2013, 28(3): 85-90. (in Chinese)
[6] 李长跃. 多源洪水耦合模型及其在防洪保护区洪水风险分析中的应用[D]: [硕士学位论文]. 天津: 天津大学, 2016. LI Changyue. Application of multi-source flood coupling model in flood analysis of flood control protected zone. Tianjin: Tianjin University, 2016. (in Chinese)
[7] 果鹏, 夏军强, 陈倩, 等. 基于力学过程的蓄滞洪区洪水风险评估模型及应用[J]. 水科学进展, 2017, 28(6): 858-867. GUO Peng, XIA Junqiang, CHEN Qian, et al. A mechanics-based model of flood risk assessment and its application in a flood diversion zone. Advances in Water Science, 2017, 28(6): 858-867. (in Chinese)
[8] 李春红, 徐青, 周元斌, 等. 基于TVD隐格式的二维水动力学模型在蓄滞洪区洪水淹没模拟中的应用研究[J]. 华北水利水电大学学报(自然科学版), 2019, 40(3): 65-71. LI Chunhong, XU Qing, ZHOU Yuanbin, et al. Study on application of two-dimensional hydrodynamic model in flood submerging simulation of flood storage and detention areas based on implicit TVD scheme. Journal of North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power (Natural Science Edition), 2019, 40(3): 65-71. (in Chinese)
[9] 喻海军. 城市洪涝数值模拟技术研究[D]: [博士学位论文]. 广州: 华南理工大学, 2015. YU Haijun. Research on numerical simulation technology of urban floods. Guangzhou: South China University of Technology, 2015. (in Chinese)
[10] 陈元芳, 詹道江, 徐向阳. 工程水文学[M]. 第4版. 北京: 中国水利水电出版社, 2013. CHEN Yuanfang, ZHAN Daojiang and XU Xiangyang. Engineering hydrology. 4th Edition. Beijing: China Water Resources and Hydropower Press, 2013. (in Chinese)
[11] 樊乔铭, 丁志斌. EFDC模型在港湾水环境中的应用及进展[J]. 人民珠江, 2016, 37(2): 92-96. FAN Qiaoming, DING Zhibin. The application and advance of environmental fluid dynamics code (EFDC) in harbor and bay water environment. Pearl River, 2016, 37(2): 92-96. (in Chinese)
[12] 宁聪, 傅志敏, 王志刚. HEC-RAS模型在二维溃坝洪水研究中的应用[J]. 水利水运工程学报, 2019, 12(2): 86-92. NING Cong, FU Zhimin and WANG Zhigang. Application of HEC-RAS for the research of 2D dam-break flood. Hy-dro-Science and Engineering, 2019, 12(2): 86-92. (in Chinese)
[13] 王光朋, 查小春, 黄春长, 等. HEC-RAS模型在汉江上游洪水演进和流量重建中的应用[J]. 西北农林科技大学学报, 2017, 45(12): 129-137. WANG Guangpeng, ZHA Xiaochun, HUANG Chunchang, et al. Application of HEC-RAS model in flood routing and dis-charge reconstruction of the upper reaches of Hanjing River. Journal of Northwest A&F University, 2017, 45(12): 129-137. (in Chinese)
[14] 洪文彬, 臧永顺, 蒋攀, 等. 胖头泡月亮泡蓄滞洪区运用方式探析[J]. 东北水利水电, 2013, 31(4): 52-53. HONG Wenbin, ZANG Yongshun, JIANG Pan, et al. Analysis on the application of Pangtoupao and Yueliangpao flood storage and detention area. Northeast Water Resources and Hydropower, 2013, 31(4): 52-53. (in Chinese)
[15] ALEXANDER BETSHOLTZ, B. N. O., ACKERMANN, K. Potentials and limitations of 1D, 2D and coupled. Lund: Lund University, 2017.
[16] 王静. 基于EFDC的胖头泡蓄滞洪区洪水演进模拟研究[D]: [硕士学位论文]. 大连: 大连理工大学, 2017. WANG Jing. Study of simulation of flood routing in Pangtoupao flood detention basin based on EFDC. Dalian: Dalian University of Technology, 2017. (in Chinese)
[17] 孙玉贤. 河南省滞洪区洪灾损失率的计算[J]. 河南水利与南水北调, 2018, 47(10): 54-55. SUN Yuxian. Calculation of flood loss rate in flood detention areas in Henan Province. Henan Water Conservancy and South-to-North Water Diversion, 2018, 47(10): 54-55. (in Chinese)