浙南山区稻板大球盖菇生料栽培田间试验

Field Experiment on Uncooked Cultivation of Stropharia rugosoannulata in Mountainous Areas of Southern Zhejiang Province

摘要: 目的：进入新时代，我国社会主要矛盾发生深刻的变化，党中央作出了“五位一体”总体布局，实施乡村振兴战略，全面建成小康社会。推进农业产业兴旺，提升农业生态环境质量，增加低收入农户收入，推动农村经济高质量发展成为撰写文章初衷。在充分利用稻草等农作物秸秆种植大球盖菇成功的基础上，进一步探索如何提高大球盖菇产量、产品质量和生产效益。方法：通过高山同质培养料不同用量、培养料总量相同配置等比其它不同质材料对大球盖菇产量和效益的影响试验；高、低山同时种植大球盖菇大田示范对物候期、产量与效益的影响。采用单因素方差分析，LSD法进行多重比较和CK对比法，对小区重复试验产量的差异显著性、大区和大田示范的物候期、产量、投入和效益等进行分析。结果：培养料总量相同配置等比其它不同质材料小区产量差异未达显著水平，效益相对稳定。同质培养料不同用量的大、小区试验，菇产量随着稻草用量减少而产量不断下降，各处理间的产量差异均达显著水平。高低山同一时间种植大田示范产量差异不明显，但因气温条件差异，低山比高山提早40 d出菇，抢占市场淡季，价格高，效益比高山好。结论：试验结果表明，稻板种植大球盖菇培养料总量2500 kg/667m²，产量和效益最好，低山种植比高山效益高。

Abstract: Objective: In the new era, the major social contradictions in our country have undergone profound changes. The Party Central Committee has made the overall layout of “five in one”, implemented the strategy of rural revitalization, and built a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way. The original intention of this paper is to promote the prosperity of agricultural industry, improve the quality of agricultural ecological environment, increase the income of low-income farmers, and promote the high-quality development of rural economy. On the basis of the success of planting Stropharia rugosoannulata by making full use of straw and other crop straws, we will further explore how to improve the yield, product quality and production efficiency of Stropharia rugosoannulata. Method: The effects of different amounts of alpine homogeneous culture materials, the same total amount of culture materials and other different quality materials on the yield and benefits of Stropharia rugosoannulata were tested. The effect of field demonstration on phenological period, yield and benefit when planting Stropharia rugosoannulata at the same time in high and low mountains was tested. The new double polar difference method and CK comparison method were used to analyze the significant difference in yield of plot repeat tests, the phenophase, yield, input and benefit of plot and field demonstration. Result: Compared with other different quality materials, the difference in cell yield of the same total amount of culture materials was not significant, and the benefit was relatively stable. In large-scale and small-scale experiments with different dosage of homogeneous culture materials, the yield of mushroom decreased with the decrease of straw dosage, and the yield difference among different treatments reached a significant level. There is no obvious difference in field demonstration yield between high and low mountains at the same time. However, due to the difference in temperature conditions, low mountains produce mushrooms 40 days earlier than high mountains, seizing the off-season market, with high prices and better benefits than high mountains. Conclusion: The test results showed that the total amount of Stropharia rugosoannulata culture material planted on rice board was 2500 kg/667m², with the best yield and benefit, and the benefit of low mountain planting was higher than that of high mountain planting.