不同前处理方式的ICP-OES法测定土壤等物质中元素含量比较

ICP-OES Determination of Elements in Soil and Other Substances with Different Pretreatment Methods

摘要: 为探究出一种快速准确测定多种元素的前处理方法，该文采用干法灰化法、湿式消解法和HNO₃-HCl-HF微波消解法三种方法，分别对国家标准物质GBW 10047 (GSB-25胡萝卜)、GBW 10020 (GSB-11柑橘叶)、GBW 07405 (GSS-5土壤)中铜(Cu)、锰(Mn)、镍(Ni)、锌(Zn) 4种元素进行测定，以期从这三种前处理方法中筛选出一种可作为这三类物质元素含量测定较好的前处理方法。实验结果表明：三种前处理方法中，干法灰化法的加标回收率范围为93.2%~103.18%，相对标准偏差范围为0.47%~4.76%；湿式消解法的加标回收率范围为93.13%~105%，相对标准偏差范围为0.17%~4.23%；HNO₃-HCl-HF微波消解法的加标回收率范围为96%~105.77%，相对标准偏差范围为0.03%~5.18%；3种方法均具有较好精密度，但与标准值对比的结果来看，只有HNO₃-HCl-HF微波消解法这种消解方式测定的实测值更加与真值吻合。所以综合考虑，HNO₃-HCl-HF微波消解法可作为这三类物质元素含量较好的前处理方法。

Abstract: In order to select a better pretreatment method which can be used to determine the element content of these three kinds of substances, four elements of Cu, Mn, Ni and Zn in GBW 10047 (gsb-25 carrot), GBW 10020 (gsb-11 citrus leaf) and GBW 07405 (gss-5 soil) were determined by dry ashing, wet digestion and HNO₃-HCl-HF microwave digestion respectively. The results showed that the recovery of dry ashing was 93.2% - 103.18%, RSD was 0.47% - 4.76%; the recovery of wet digestion was 93.13% - 105%, RSD was 0.17% - 4.23%; the recovery of HNO₃-HCl-HF microwave digestion was 96% - 105.77%, RSD was 0.03% - 5.18%. The three methods all have good precision, but compared with the standard value, only HNO₃-HCl-HF microwave digestion method is more consistent with the true value. Therefore, HNO₃-HCl-HF microwave digestion method can be used as a better pretreatment method for the element content of these three substances.