全面二孩政策实施遇冷背景下女性生育影响因素实证分析

An Empirical Analysis of the Influencing Factors of Female Fertility under the Background of the Implementation of the Comprehensive Two-Child Policy

摘要: 随着“全面二孩”政策的放开，人口出生率在经过了短暂的上升之后又进入了下降的趋势，生育数量远未达到政府预测效果，这种生育政策的调整，具有重大的社会影响和现实意义，但是对于女性的就业性质以及生育成本也有很大的影响。在尚未完善的社会组织体系中，职业女性生育会影响其就业质量，并且随着经济的发展，生育成本的上升使得女性倾向于少生甚至不生。从经济学理论出发，在分析就业性质的影响因素和生育成本的基础上，对女性生育意愿做出探索性研究，并提出思考和建议。

Abstract: As “the universal two-child” policy opens, the birth rate has entered a downward trend after a short rise, and the number of births is far from reaching the predicted effect of the government. The adjustment of the birth policy has a significant social impact and practical significance, but it also has a great impact on the nature of women's employment and the cost of child birth. In the imperfect social organization system, the birth of professional women will affect their employ-ment quality, and with the development of economy, the rising birth cost makes women tend to have fewer or no children. Starting from the economic theory, on the basis of analyzing the in-fluencing factors of the nature of employment and the fertility cost, this paper makes exploratory research on the fertility intention of women, and puts forward some thoughts and suggestions.