社会经济活动中杂交优势现象及其原理分析

Study on the Mechanism of Hybrid Advantage in Economic Activities

摘要: A²+B²>2AB(A≠B,A,B>0)产生的放大效应可能是生物杂交优势形成的原因。经济活动中同样也能够产生杂种优势现象。本研究借助于螺丝帽和螺丝栓的配对试验、大米加工试验和实验人员合作等案例，研究企业合并后产品合格率、工作绩效、生产效率等方面的杂交优势，结果表明，A²+B²>2AB(A≠B,A,B>0)导致经济学上杂交优势现象的产生；企业合并双方各环节产品合格率、工作绩效、生产效率等差异越大，越能够产生强的杂交优势。合并双方产品合格率、工作绩效、生产效率高，合并后产品合格率、工作绩效、生产效率高并且较易产生杂交优势；充分利用合并合作产生的杂交优势能够显著提高经济效益。

Abstract: The mathematical formula A²+B²>2AB(A≠B,A,B>0) produces amplification effect, which may explain the heterosis seen frequently in biological species. As such, the utilization of heterosis can be applied to economics. In this study, heterosis in qualified product rate, work performance, and production efficiency were analyzed by matching tests of screw caps and bolts in two integrated screw factories, the rice processing trial and the cooperation efficiency of lab workers. The results showed that the mathematical model A²+B²>2AB(A≠B,A,B>0) lead to economic heterosis. The bigger the difference of the qualified rates of bolts or nuts between two screw factories, the stronger the heterosis after integration; the higher the qualified rates of bolts or nuts of the two factories, the easier to produce higher qualified rates and heterosis of screws. These results demonstrate that heterosis can be appropriately applied to produce economic benefits.