我国建筑业对环境的影响分析及可持续发展建议

Environmental Impact Analysis and Sustainable Development Suggestions in Construction Industry of China

摘要: 我国已经成为世界上的建筑大国，随着城市化的深入推进，我国每年仍需要拆除大量的旧有建筑同时新建大量的住宅以及配套基础设施。旧建筑的拆除会产生大量的建筑垃圾，由于我国建筑垃圾回收利用率很低，处理建筑垃圾的方法一般是就地掩埋或在空地堆放，这两种处理方法对环境的不利影响是不言而喻的。另一方面，新建筑和其他基础设施的建设又消耗大量的自然资源，自然资源的过度开采容易诱发生态和自然灾害，与此同时，生产建筑所需的钢筋、水泥等产品则需要消耗大量的能源。我国建筑业的可持续发展是我国生态文明建设和可持续发展的重要组成部分。本文从几个方面分析了建筑业对环境的影响，并在此基础上提出了建筑垃圾再利用、发展新型环保建筑结构以及提高建筑寿命等推动建筑可持续发展的解决方案，以期为我国实现既定发展目标贡献绵薄之力。

Abstract: China has become a major construction country in the world. With the deepening of urbanization, we need to demolish a large number of old aging buildings and build a lot of new houses and supporting infrastructure every year. The dismantling of old buildings will generate a large amount of construction waste. Due to the low recycling rate of construction waste in China, the methods of processing construction waste are generally buried in situ or stacked in land, and the adverse effects of these two methods on the environment are self-evident. On the other hand, the construction of new buildings and other infrastructure consumes a lot of natural resources. The overexploitation of natural resources can easily induce ecological and natural disasters, and the production of steel, cement and other products required for constructions also requires a large amount of energy. The sustainable development of construction industry is an important part of our ecological civilization construction and sustainable development. This paper analyzes the impact of construction industry on the environment from several aspects, and solutions for promoting the sustainable development in construction market, such as the reuse of construction waste, the development of new environmentally-friendly building structures, and the improvement of building life cycle are proposed with a view to make sincere suggestions for achieving established development goals of China.