选择激光熔化成形多孔骨骼的组织及性能研究

Study on Microstructure and Properties of Selective Laser Melting and Forming Porous Skeleton

摘要: 本文采用选择性激光熔化技术制造网格状多孔骨骼支架，分别对试样进行金相组织观察、硬度及压缩性试验，研究不同孔隙率对材料表面多孔形貌、硬度及压缩性能的影响。结果表明，选区激光烧结后316L不锈钢组织细密，均匀，缺陷少，微观组织呈规律性排列，孔隙率为72%的多孔试样，孔隙分布均匀，孔口形状基本呈正方形，无明显裂痕，成形质量较好，同时硬度试验结果表明，孔隙率为72%时，其硬度值最高，和实心的相差不大，同时烧结层底层的硬度要稍高于烧结层表面，且随着孔隙率的增大，在压缩变形过程中存在较明显的平台区，即孔隙率越大多孔镍基合金的吸能能力和变形能力越强。

Abstract: Selective laser melting was used to fabricate mesh porous skeleton scaffolds. The metallographic structure, hardness and compressibility of the samples were observed, and the effects of different porosity on the porous morphology, hardness and compressive properties of the materials were studied. The results show that the microstructure of 316L stainless steel after selective laser sintering is fine, uniform, with few defects and regularly arranged micro-structure. The porous sample with 72% porosity has uniform pore distribution, basically square shape, no obvious cracks and good forming quality. At the same time, the hardness test results show that the hardness value of 316L stainless steel with 72% porosity is the highest, which is similar to the real one. The hardness of the bottom layer of sintered layer is slightly higher than that of the surface of sintered layer, and with the increase of porosity, there is a more obvious platform area in the compression deformation process; that is, the more porous nickel-based alloys have, the stronger the energy absorption capacity and deformation capacity.