社会排斥对不同疼痛强度面孔注意偏向的作用

Effects of Social Exclusion on Attentional Bias in Faces with Different Pain Intensities

摘要: 疼痛注意偏向对疼痛管理有重要的作用。本研究主要利用眼动技术探讨社会排斥是否会影响个体对疼痛面孔的注意偏向，以及疼痛面孔强度在其中的作用。89名女性大学生参加实验，被试随机分配到社会排斥、社会接纳或控制组中完成投球任务及选择注意任务。结果发现：在行为上没有发现三组出现显著的注意偏向，高疼痛强度面孔比中疼痛强度面孔会有更多的注意回避。在眼动上发现三组健康个体均表现出平等的注意偏向，并没有受到社会操纵的影响。其中在高疼痛强度面孔中出现注意维持，在中疼痛强度面孔中出现注意警觉，疼痛强度主要影响初期的注意维持。该研究表明健康个体也对疼痛面孔具有注意偏向，且这种偏向不会受到疼痛情感的影响。值得注意的是个体对疼痛面孔的注意模式更复杂，包括显性地回避疼痛面孔和隐性地保持维持。另外眼动技术可以更精确地补充与完善行为技术上的不足。

Abstract: Pain attentional bias plays an important role in pain management. This study mainly used eye-tracking to explore whether social exclusion would affect individuals’ attentional bias on painful faces and to find the role of intensity of painful faces. 89 female college students participated in the experiment and were randomly assigned to the social exclusion, social acceptance or control group to complete the cyberball game and the attention task. It was found that no significant attentional bias was found in the three groups in behavior. High-pain intensity faces had more attentional avoidance than medium-pain intensity faces. In the eye-tracking results, it was found that all three groups of healthy individuals showed equal attentional bias and were not affected by social manipulation. Among them, attentional maintenance occurs in high-pain intensity faces, and attentional vigilance appears in medium-pain intensity faces. The intensity of pain mainly affects the early attentional maintenance. This study shows that healthy individuals also pay attention to pain information, and this bias is not affected by pain affect. It is worth noting that the attention pattern to pain face is more complex, including overt avoidance of pain face and implicit maintenance. In addition, it can also be shown that eye-tracking technology can more accurately complement and improve the behavioral technical shortcomings.