胃癌危险因素的病例对照研究

Case-Control Study of Risk Factors for Gastric Cancer

摘要: 目的：探究原发性胃癌的相关危险因素，制定对应的预防治疗措施。方法：根据相关筛选标准，在2014年1月至2018年12月期间青岛大学附属医院收治的患者中，随机抽取500例胃癌患者和500例非胃癌患者分别作为胃癌组和对照组。提取两组患者的BMI、吸烟、饮酒、慢性胃炎病史、糖尿病病史、高血压病史、冠心病病史、消化系统肿瘤家族史等情况进行统计。使用相对数指标对两组的一般资料进行描述性统计；定类资料组间进行卡方检验；进行Logistic回归分析，运用比值比分析多种因素之间的相互作用。结果：两组受研究对象在糖尿病病史、高血压病史、冠心病病史等方面数据无统计学差异(P > 0.05)，在BMI、吸烟、饮酒、慢性胃炎病史、消化系统肿瘤家族史方面数据差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。将有统计学意义的数据纳入回归统计分析，结果显示为吸烟(P = 0.024, OR = 1.473)，慢性胃炎病史(P = 0.033, OR = 2.546)，消化系统肿瘤家族史(P = 0.004, OR = 4.031)。结论：吸烟、慢性胃炎病史、消化道系统肿瘤家族史是引起原发性胃癌的独立危险因素。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the relevant risk factors of primary gastric cancer, and to formulate corre-sponding preventive and therapeutic measures. Methods: According to the relevant screening cri-teria, from January 2014 to December 2018, 500 gastric cancer patients randomly selected as the gastric cancer group and 500 non-gastric cancer patients were randomly selected as the control group from the patients who were treated in our hospital. BMI, smoking, drinking, history of chronic gastritis, history of diabetes, history of hypertension, history of coronary heart disease and family history of digestive system tumors were collected for statistical analysis. The relative numbers were used for descriptive statistics on the general data of the two groups. Chi-square tests were performed between the measurement data groups. Logistic regression analysis was performed, and the interaction between multiple factors was analyzed using odds ratios. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in the data of history of diabetes, hypertension and coronary heart disease in the two groups of subjects (P > 0.05). There were statistically significant differences in BMI, smoking, drinking, history of chronic gastritis and family history of digestive system (P < 0.05). The statistically significant data were included in the regression statistical analysis, and the results showed smoking (P = 0.024, OR = 1.473), history of chronic gastritis (P = 0.033, OR = 2.546), family history of digestive system tumors (P = 0.004, OR = 4.031). Conclusion: Smoking, history of chronic gastritis, and family history of gastrointestinal tumors are independent risk factors for primary gastric cancer.