沙区光伏产业生态效应分析

Application of Photovoltaic Power Generation in the Desert and Gobi and Analysis of Its Ecological Benefits

摘要: 随着社会的发展与科技的进步，我国出现一种新兴的能源——光伏发电。目前，已在我国西北沙漠及戈壁地区建立了一批光伏发电厂，对沙区生态建设具有重要意义。本文针对沙区的气候条件和光照及植被观测资料进行分析，结果表明，1 m²光伏电池板转换的太阳能相当于民勤沙区270 m²沙漠植被利用的太阳能；光伏发电不占用耕地及其它的土地资源，在不违反国家耕地红线的原则下有效保护国家土地资源；此外，在沙区地区存在多风现象，光伏发电可通过风力发电，消耗沙区出现的风沙流及沙尘暴的动力源，减少沙尘暴的发生；起到沙障的作用，降低风速。因此，光伏发电作为新型能源在沙区生态建设中具有重要作用。

Abstract: With the development of society and the progress of science and technology, a new energy pho-tovoltaic power generation appears in China. At present, a number of photovoltaic power plants have been set up in the desert and Gobi areas of Northwest China, which is of great significance to the ecological construction of the desert and Gobi areas. In this paper, the climatic conditions, light and vegetation observation data of desert Gobi are analyzed. The results show that the so-lar energy converted by 1 m² photovoltaic panels is equivalent to the solar energy used by 270 m² desert vegetation in Minqin desert area. Photovoltaic power generation does not occupy cul-tivated land and other land resources, and effectively protects the national land resources under the principle of not violating the national cultivated land red line. In addition, in desert Gobi, Photovoltaic power generation can consume the power source of sand flow and dust storm in desert Gobi through wind power generation, so as to reduce the occurrence of dust storm, play the role of sand barrier and reduce the wind speed. Therefore, photovoltaic power generation as a new type of energy plays an important role in the construction of desert Gobi ecology.