麦克斯韦方程组在相对性原理中与洛伦兹变换的关系

The Relationship between Maxwell Equations and Lorentz Transformation in the Principle of Relativity

摘要: 麦克斯韦方程组在彼此平权的两个坐标系K和K'中服从相对性原理需借助洛伦兹变换。当平面波(包括电磁波和机械波)从彼此互作匀速相对运动的坐标系K传播到K'时会发生多普勒效应。根据相对性原理，只有借助洛伦兹变换才能将在坐标系K的平面波波动方程中的x和t协变为在坐标系K'的平面波波动方程中的x'和t'。

Abstract: It is necessary for Maxwell equations to obey the principle of relativity with the help of Lorentz Transformation in two coordinate systems K and K' which are equal weight to each other. When the plane wave (including electromagnetic and mechanical wave) from coordinate systems of relative motion at a constant speed with each other spreads K to K' when the Doppler effect occurs. Accord-ing to the principle of relativity, only with the help of Lorentz transformation can make the x and t of the plane wave equation in the coordinate system K be covariated to the x' and t' of the plane wave equation in the coordinate system K'.