花椒植原体黄化病风险性分析
The Risk Analysis of Phytoplasma Associated with Zanthoxylum bungeanum Yellows
DOI: 10.12677/WJF.2020.92011, PDF,   
作者: 杨晓峰, 刘 英:汉源县林业局,四川 汉源;覃春月, 朱天辉*:四川农业大学林学院,四川 温江
关键词: 花椒植原体风险性分析Zanthoxylum bungeanum Pathogen of Zanthoxylum bungeanum Risk Analysis
摘要: 植原体是四川新发现的花椒病原,本文运用有害生物危险性分析(Pest Risk Anlaysis, PRA)的方法,从国内分布状况、潜在危害性、寄主植物经济重要性、传播扩散的可能性,以及危险性的管理难度等方面,综合评价了四川花椒植原体病害的危险性。研究结果表明花椒植原体病害的风险性指数R值为2.72,属于特别危险性林业有害生物。目前的防治技术主要以预防为主,防控结合。一是加大检疫措施,严禁发病区域与非发病区域间进行苗木运输,保护未发病区域;二是尽快清除并烧毁感病植株,减少病源;三是加大人工管理,做好花椒园的杂草清理,减少病害的发生。
Abstract: Phytophthora is a newly pathogen discovered in Zanthoxylum bungeanumin Sichuan. Using the method of Pest Risk Analysis (PRA), the paper comprehensively evaluates the risk of Sichuan pepper phytoplasma disease from the aspects of the domestic distribution, the potential harm, the economic importance of the host plant, the possibility of spreading and spreading, and the man-agement difficulty of risk. The results show that the risk index R of the disease is 2.72, which be-longs to the special dangerous forest pest. The current prevention and control technology mainly focus on prevention first and prevention and control. The first is to increase the quarantine measures, and it is strictly forbidden to carry out seedling transportation between the disease area and the non-pathogenic region, and the protection of the seedlings is not. The second is to clear and burn the diseased plants as soon as possible, to reduce the disease source; thirdly, to increase the manual management, to do well the weed cleaning of the pepper garden, and to reduce the occurrence of the diseases.
文章引用:杨晓峰, 刘英, 覃春月, 朱天辉. 花椒植原体黄化病风险性分析[J]. 林业世界, 2020, 9(2): 71-76. https://doi.org/10.12677/WJF.2020.92011

参考文献

[1] 李建红, 张水华, 孔令会. 花椒研究进展[J]. 中国调味品, 2009, 34(2): 28-31.
[2] 黄成就. 中国植物志[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1997.
[3] 曹支敏, 田呈明, 梁英梅, 等. 陕甘两省花椒病害调查[J]. 西北林学院学报, 1994(2): 39-43.
[4] 覃春月, 梁洪萍, 朱天辉. 四川花椒主要栽培区病害调查研究[J]. 林业世界, 2020, 9(1): 26-34
[5] 韩冰. 新疆杏褪绿卷叶植原体的检测与鉴定[D]: [硕士学位论文]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆农业大学, 2012.
[6] 李正男, 刘萍, 吴云锋. 三叶草绿变病植原体的分子鉴定[J]. 植物病理学报, 2011, 41(6): 645-648.
[7] 李正男, 张磊, 吴云锋. 丁香卷叶病植原体的分子鉴定[J]. 植物病理学报, 2012, 42(2): 131-138.
[8] 杨海旭, 王洋, 赵彦檩, 等. 赞皇大枣枣疯病植原体分子分类[J]. 中国农业科学, 2011, 44(21): 4429-4437.
[9] 郑海星. 花椒种质资源鉴定与分类研究[D]: [硕士学位论文]. 咸阳: 西北农林科技大学, 2010.
[10] 刘三斤. 简述花椒树的生长习性及施肥技术[J]. 新农村: 黑龙江, 2016(16): 81.
[11] 陈旅, 杨途熙, 魏安智, 等. 花椒研究概况[J]. 中国调味品, 2016, 41(10): 149-156.
[12] 魏玉君, 董云岚. 花椒——水土保持经济树种[J]. 水土保持应用技术, 1996(1): 59-60.
[13] 沈文君, 沈佐锐, 李志红. 外来有害生物风险评估技术[J].农村生态环境, 2004, 20(1): 69-72.
[14] 佚名. 我国开展有害生物风险性分析(PRA)研究概述[J]. 中国进出境动植检, 1997(2): 14-16.
[15] 蒋青, 姚文国. 有害生物危险性评价的定量分析方法研究[J]. 植物检疫, 1995(4): 208-211.
[16] 付作霖, 高智辉, 王云果. 云杉锈病病原菌畸形金锈菌风险性分析[J]. 西北林学院学报, 2008, 23(6): 138-141.
[17] FAO (1996) International Standards for Phytosanitary Measures. Part 1: Lm-Port Regulations: Guidelines for Pest Risk Analysis (Draft Standard). Secretariate of the International Plant Protection Convention, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Ita-ly.
[18] IPPC (1997) Guidelines on Pest Risk Analysis, Pest Risk Assessment scheme. Bulletin OEPP/EPPO Bulletin, 27, 281-305. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef
[19] 梁忆冰, 蒋青, 王乃扬, 等. 检疫性有害生物危险性分析概述[J]. 植物保护, 1994, 20(3): 31-33.
[20] 季良. 检疫性有害生物危险性评价[J]. 植物检疫, 1994(2): 100-105.
[21] 刘红霞, 温俊宝, 骆有庆, 等. 森林有害生物风险分析研究进展[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2001, 23(6): 46-51.