IYPT2020下落的塔实验研究

Experimental Research of Falling Tower in IYPT2020

摘要: 对“下落的塔”的现象进行了理论分析。接着定制不同尺寸的圆盘，并将相同的圆盘叠成塔，对其底部施加一个突然的水平力以单独移除底层圆盘，若仍保持塔的稳定即为实验成功。发现了塔的稳定性与塔的层数无关，并且探究出塔的稳定性与塔的质量、金属块的直径、底层金属块和桌面的摩擦系数成正相关。该现象可应用于建筑底部放置球体的制震结构。

Abstract: The phenomenon of the “Falling Tower” was analyzed theoretically. Then different sizes of discs were prepared. Identical discs are stacked one on top of another to form a freestanding tower, and the bottom disc can be removed by applying a sudden horizontal force. If the tower remains stable, the experiment will be proved successfully. The results show that the stability of tower has no connection with the number of layers, but is positively related to the mass of tower, the diameter of disc and the frictional coefficient of platform. The phenomenon can be applied to earthquake-resistant structures with spheres placed on the bottom of the building.