混剪短视频的合理性使用分析

Analysis on the Fair Use of Video Mash-Up

摘要: 合理使用制度是著作权保护与公共利益保护的平衡器。著作权侵权是混剪短视频侵权的原生问题，也是抑制混剪短视频创意和传播的根本性问题，如果要分析混剪短视频侵权问题，就需要重新审视我国目前的合理使用制度设计。对于混剪短视频是否属于合理使用，前置程序是从混剪短视频的定义和性质等入手，分析混剪短视频的主要特点和作品性质，进而来判断混剪短视频是否构成了著作权中独创性作品的要求；再结合目前两种主要的“三步检验法”和“四要素检验法”来研究合理使用制度的要求，最后通过具体案例来分析合理使用的构成要素。美国“四要素检验法”对于我国的合理使用制度有一定的借鉴意义，但是需要结合我国目前的立法和短视频市场发展现状来分析是否需要引入，以及应该如何引入等问题。

Abstract: The fair use policy is a balance between copyright protection and public interest protection. Copy-right infringement is the original problem of video mash-up infringement, and it is also a funda-mental problem to inhibit the creation and spread of it. To analyze the fair use of video mash-up, the main duty is to reexamine the current fair use policy in China. For fair use of video mash-up, the pre-procedure is to judge whether the video mash-up is the original work of the Copyright. Besides, it is necessary to compare the “Three-step Test” with “Four-factor Test” and analyze specific cases to research the components of fair use. For most important, the "Four-factor Test" is a significant reference for fair use policy in China copyright protection, although it cannot be applied into the China legal system directly. Alternatively, it is going to discuss the legitimacy of incorporating video mash-up into category of fair use according to China’s legislation and market development needs.